schizophrenia

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Etiology

Epidemiology

  • 1% per lifetime, affects about 1 in 300 people worldwide[45]
  • men & women equally affected
    • late onset (age > 45) women > men[4]
    • severity may be less in women than men*
    • women > 45 years have the greatest risk of hospitalization for relapse[45][46]
  • average age of onset:
    • 15-30 years: late teens to early adulthood[43]
  • worldwide distribution with similar prevalence
  • higher social class at birth associated with increased risk[6]

* estrogen with antidopaminergic effect[43]

Pathology

Genetics

Clinical manifestations

Diagnostic criteria

Laboratory

Diagnostic procedures

Radiology

Complications

* elderly with chronic schizophrenia may grapple with Erikson's final stage of psychosocial development-integrity vs despair; they may find themselves in a state of despair; this is diagnosed as major depression with schizophrenia in later life[15]

Differential diagnosis

* 22% of patients initially diagnosed with schizophrenia have their diagnoses changed during subsequent hospitalizations[12]

Management

More general terms

More specific terms

References

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Patient information

schizophrenia patient information

Database