positron emission tomography (PET, PET scan)
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Indications
- brain disease
- Alzheimer's disease
- sensitivity > specificity
- bilateral parietal hypometabolism
- frontotemporal dementia
- Huntington's disease (pathognomonic)
- seizures
- Alzheimer's disease
- heart disease
- malignant neoplasm
Contraindications
- not useful for evaluation of kidney lesions because of the high baseline metabolic activity of the kidney[3]
- not useful for preoperative staging or postoperative surveillance of colorectal cancer
- not useful for staging of pancreatic cancer
Clinical significance
- in brain, generally PET scan set to focus on gray matter;
- white matter appears to have little metabolism
- PET scan is generally normal in a pulmonary nodule < 1 cm even if the nodule is malignant[3]
Procedure
- 12.5 mCi of 2-fluoro*-2-deoxy-glucose (FDG) is injected intravenously
- 40 minute uptake period with patient resting quietly in a dark room.
- multiple transaxial images are obtained
* F-18
- glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) PET imaging allows measurement of metabolic activity at brain synapses[5]
Interpretation
- a standardized uptake value (SUV) of > 17 suggests malignant transformation
Notes
The West Los Angeles VA has a Siemens ECAT-953 tomographic scanner.[2]
More general terms
More specific terms
- adenosine positron emission tomography (adenosine PET)
- amyloid positron emission tomography (amyloid PET)
- brain PET scan
- tau positron emission tomography (tau PET ([18F]RO948), tau PET)
References
- ↑ nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov/hstat/ahcpr/
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Mayo Clinic Positron emission tomography (PET) scan http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/pet-scan/MY00238
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 16, 17, 19. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2012, 2015, 2021
- ↑ Kostakoglu L, Coleman M, Leonard JP et al PET predicts prognosis after 1 cycle of chemotherapy in aggressive lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease. J Nucl Med. 2002 Aug;43(8):1018-27. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12163626
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Yale University New imaging scan reveals a culprit in cognitive decline of Alzheimer's. ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 17 February 2022 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/02/220217090713.htm
Mecca AP, O'Dell RS, Sharp ES et al Synaptic density and cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease: A PET imaging study with [ 11 C]UCB-J Alzheimers Dement. 2022 Feb 17 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35174954