dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2)
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Function
- one of the five types of dopamine receptor
- activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase
- forms homo- & heterooligomers with DRD4
- interacts with GNAI2 isoform sGi2 allowing creation of an intracellular pool of DRD2 that can be released to cell surface upon agonist stimulation
- interacts with GPRASP1, PPP1R9B & CLIC6
- interacts with CADPS & CADPS2
- interacts with ARRB2, KCNA2. HTR2A
- linked to Gi in medium spiny neurons of striatum
Structure
belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Compartment
- cell membrane
- dopamine-D1 & D2 receptors colocalize in 60-80% of medium spiny neurons of striatum (GABAergic neurons?)
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=3
Expression
- medium spiny neurons of striatum
Pathology
- it has been suggested that DRD2 is involved in psychiatric disorders; especially in schizophrenia
- overstimulation of dopamine D2 receptor may be involved in schizophrenia
- defects in DRD2 are associated with myoclonus dystonia
- anti-dopamine D2 receptor Ab implicated in autoimmune movement & psychiatric disorders[4][5]
Polymorphism
- genetic variations in DRD2 may determine the genetic susceptibility to alcoholism
- genetic variations in DRD2 might be a protective factor against the development of withdrawal symptoms but might also be a risk factor in a highly burdened subgroup of alcoholics with a paternal & grandpaternal history of alcoholism & might contribute to suicide risk in alcoholics
Pharmacology
- dopamine D2 receptor agonists ropinirole & bromocryptine used for treatment of Parkinson's disease (see dopamine receptor agonist)
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P14416.html
- ↑ GeneReviews https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=DRD2
- ↑ Surmeier DJ, Reiner A, Levine MS, Ariano MA. Are neostriatal dopamine receptors co-localized? Trends Neurosci. 1993 Aug;16(8):299-305. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7691003
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Dale RC, Merheb V, Pillai S et al Antibodies to surface dopamine-2 receptor in autoimmune movement and psychiatric disorders. Brain. 2012 Nov;135(Pt 11):3453-68. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23065479 Free Article
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Pathmanandavel K, Starling J, Merheb V et al Antibodies to surface dopamine-2 receptor and N-methyl-D- aspartate receptor in the first episode of acute psychosis in children. Biol Psychiatry. 2015 Mar 15;77(6):537-47. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25168608
Database
- Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:1813
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/103780
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/126450
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/159900
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/608516
- UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P14416.html
- Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=1813