acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

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Introduction

See precursor B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma or precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma.

Etiology

Epidemiology

  • 1-1.5/100,000
  • more common in children, ~75% occur before age 6
  • secondary increased incidence occurs after age 50

Pathology

Genetics

Clinical manifestations

Laboratory

Radiology

Complications

Management

More general terms

More specific terms

Additional terms

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 15, 16, 17, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2009, 2012, 2015, 2018.
    Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 19 Board Basics. An Enhancement to MKSAP19. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2022
  2. 2.0 2.1 Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 539
  3. 3.0 3.1 Jobbour EJ et al, Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Mayo Clin Proc 80(11):1517, 2005
  4. 4.0 4.1 Pui C-H et al Treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia without cranial irradiation. N Engl J Med 2009 Jun 25; 360:2730. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19553647
  5. 5.0 5.1 ARUP Consult: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - ALL The Physician's Guide to Laboratory Test Selection & Interpretation https://www.arupconsult.com/content/acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia
  6. Pui CH, Evans WE. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2006 Jan 12;354(2):166-78. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16407512
  7. 7.0 7.1 Foa R, Vitale A, Vignetti M et al Dasatinib as first-line treatment for adult patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2011 Dec 15;118(25):6521-8 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21931113
  8. 8.0 8.1 Wolf J et al Levofloxacin prophylaxis during induction therapy for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 14. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29020310
  9. 9.0 9.1 FDA News Release. December 3, 2014. FDA approves Blincyto to treat a rare form of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. First anti-CD19 drug to receive agency approval. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm425549.htm
    Ingram I. Blincyto OK'd for MRD-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Residual disease undetectable in 70 of 86 patients treated. MedPage Today. March 29, 2018 https://www.medpagetoday.com/hematologyoncology/leukemia/72073
    FDA News Release. March 29, 2018 FDA expands approval of Blincyto for treatment of a type of leukemia in patients who have a certain risk factor for relapse. https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm603151.htm
  10. Minerd J, expert critique by Taylor J New Immunotherapies for Relapsed/Refractory ALL. Explaining the data, mechanisms, and side effects. MedPage Today. ASCO Reading Room 05.09.2018 https://www.medpagetoday.com/reading-room/asco/hematologic-malignancies/72774
    Leonard J, Stock W Progress in adult ALL: Incorporation of new agents to frontline treatment. American Society of Hematology (ASH) Education Book 2017: 28-36.
    Man LM, Morris AL, Keng M. New therapeutic strategies in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2017 Jun;12(3):197-206 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28353016
  11. Diller L. Clinical practice. Adult primary care after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2011 Oct 13;365(15):1417-24. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21995389
  12. Mulcahy N FDA Approves First CAR T-Cell for Adult ALL. For Patients With R/R B-Cell Disease. Medscape. October 4, 2021 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/960191
  13. 13.0 13.1 Jenkins K Busulfan-Based Myeloablative Conditioning in ALL. Potential alternative to TBI-based regimen showed similar survival, toxicity, late effects. MedPage Today October 11, 2022 https://www.medpagetoday.com/reading-room/asco/hematologic-malignancies/101155
  14. 14.0 14.1 14.2 Brooks M Novel Drug Leads to 'Impressive' Responses in Advanced Leukemia. Medscape. March 20, 2023 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/989871
  15. 15.0 15.1 NEJM Knowledge+ Hematology
  16. 16.0 16.1 Stelljes M et al. Inotuzumab ozogamicin as induction therapy for patients older than 55 years with Philadelphia chromosome-negative B-precursor ALL. J Clin Oncol 2024 Jan 20; 42:273 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37883727 https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.23.00546
    Logan A. Innovating simpler and less toxic frontline management for adults with ALL. J Clin Oncol 2024 Jan 20; 42:250. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37883737 https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.23.01726
  17. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children http://www.nci.nih.gov/newscenter/all3
  18. Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (PDQ): Treatment http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/childALL/HealthProfessional
    Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (PDQ): Treatment http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/adultALL/HealthProfessional

Patient information

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patient information