cytochrome P450

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Introduction

The cytochrome P450 enzyme family is the major phase 1 enzyme of drug metabolism. It evolutionary origin is > 3.5 billion years.

Cyt P450 enzymes are heme-containing membrane proteins localized to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of numerous tissues. Cyt P450 is closely associated with cyt P450 reductase (a membrane- associated flavoprotein) in a ratio of 10 cyt P450 to one reductase.

Cyt P450 reductase reduces Fe+3 of the cyt P450 heme to Fe+2 which binds molecular oxygen (O2) for monooxygenation (hydroxylation) of substrate (steroid, xenobiotic or drug).

See phase 1 enzyme for the roles of cyt P450 in drug metabolism.

Laboratory

More general terms

More specific terms

Additional terms

References

  1. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996 pg 12
  2. Cytochrome P450 Drug-Interaction Table http://medicine.iupui.edu/flockhart/table.htm
  3. Cytochrome P-450 Drug Interactions Prescriber's Letter 6(4): 1999 Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=150400&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
  4. Prescriber's Letter 17(1): 2010 Cytochrome P450 Drug Interactions CHART: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interactions COMMENTARY: Proton Pump Inhibitor and Plavix Interaction: An Update Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=260112&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
  5. Prescriber's Letter 17(6): 2010 Cytochrome P450 Drug Interactions Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=260623&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com