qualitative urine drug screen

Indications

• evaluation of drug overdose
• evaluation of drug abuse

Clinical significance

* Drugs commonly included in a qualitiative urine drug screen:

• Analgesics:
  • acetaminophen
  • codeine
  • meperidine
  • morphine
  • pentazocine
  • propoxyphene
  • salicylate

• oxycodone*
• hydrocodone*

* most opiate assays are calibrated to detect morphine & codeine

* hydrocodone & oxycodone are variably detected

* methadone & fentanyl are not detected as opiate

• Anticonvulsants:
  • carbamazepine
  • phenytoin

• Barbiturates:
  • amobarbital
  • butabarbital
  • butalbital
  • pentobarbital
  • phenobarbital
  • secobarbital

• Benzodiazepines: (metabolites)
  • oxazepam glucuronide
  • alpha-hydroxyalprazolam
  • alpha-hydroxytriazolam
  • alpha-hydroxyethylflurazepam
  • nordiazepam
  • lorazepam glucuronide

• Tricyclic antidepressants:
  • amitriptyline
  • amoxapine
  • bupropion
  • desipramine
  • doxepin
  • fluoxetine
  • imipramine
  • maprotiline
  • nortriptyline
  • sertraline
  • trimipramine

• Phenothiazines:
  • chlorpromazine
  • prochlorperazine
  • promethazine
  • trifluoperazine
  • thioridazine
  • triflupromazine
  • trimaprazine

• Sedative & hypnotics:
  • ethchlorvynol
  • ethinamate
  • glutethimide
  • meprobamate
  • methaqualone

• Stimulants:
  • amphetamine
  • ephedrine/pseudoephedrine
  • caffeine
  • benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite)
  • methamphetamine
  • nicotine
  • phenylpropanolamine

• Miscellaneous:
  • chlorpheniramine
  • dimenhydrinate
  • diphenhydramine
  • phencyclidine (PCP)
  • quinine/quinidine
  • strychnine
  • theophylline

More general terms

• urine toxicology

Additional terms

• drug of abuse test

Component of

• coma panel