salicylate
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Introduction
ortho-hydroxybenzoate.
Dosage
- estimated lethal dose is 15 g
Pharmacokinetics
- major hydrolysis product of aspirin
1/2life = 2.4-3.0 hours
protein binding = 90-95 % < 100 ug/mL
protein binding = 50 % 400 ug/mL
Adverse effects
- tinnitius, inhibits outer hair cell motility
- stomach upset
- leukopenia (uncommon)
- thrombocytopenia (uncommon)
Laboratory
- specimen: serum, plasma (EDTA), urine
- methods:
- interferences:
- colorimetric & fluorometric assays subject to multiple interference; however, they are fast & useful for emergency overdose assessment
- diflusinal interferes with FPIA & color methods
- lipemic, icteric, or hemolyzed specimens may give false positive results with color method
- labs with Loincs
Mechanism of action
- non-acetylated salicylates are
- more potent inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) than COX-1
- they differ from aspirin & NSAIDs with regards to
- diminished propensity to induce peptic ulcer disease
- no interference with renal blood flow
- no inhibition of platelet function
- since anti-inflammatory properties are due to COX-2 inhibition, non-acetylated salicylates are good anti-inflammatory agents
- inhibitor of outer hair cell motility
- competitive antagonist at SLC26A5 (prestin) anion-binding site
More general terms
More specific terms
- 5-aminosalicylate (5-ASA)
- aminosalicylate; aminosalicylic acid
- aspirin (Ecotrin, Empirin, Bayer aspirin, Vazalore, ASA)
- choline salicylate
- magnesium salicylate
- methyl salicylate
- phenyl salicylate
- salicylic acid
- salsalate (Salflex, Disalcid, sasapyrine)
- thiosalicylate
Additional terms
- bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, BSS, Kaopectate)
- salicylate in serum/plasma
- salicylate toxicity
Component of
- menthol/salicylate
- capsaicin/salicylate
- caffeine/codeine/pheniramine/phenylephrine/salicylate
- hyoscyamine/methenamine/methylene blue/phenyl salicylate/salicylate/sodium phosphate
- methenamine/salicylate
- hyoscyamine/methenamine/methylene blue/salicylate/sodium phosphate
- diphenhydramine/salicylate
- choline/salicylate
- caffeine/salicylate
- caffeine/pheniramine/phenylephrine/salicylate
- hyoscyamine/methenamine/methylene blue/salicylate
- acetaminophen/codeine/salicylate
- acetaminophen/caffeine/salicylate
- Occlusal-HP (salicylic acid 17%)
- SalAc (salicylic acid 2%)
- trilisate (choline magnesium trisalicylate)
- salicylic acid/sulfur (Sebulex shampoo)
- willow bark
References
- ↑ Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 853-54, 763
- ↑ Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed., W.B. Saunders, 1995
- ↑ Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2009
- ↑ The Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 33rd edition Foster C et al (eds) Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2010, pg 945