amobarbital (Amytal)

Introduction

Sedative, hypnotic.

Adverse effects

• coma
• respiratory arrest
• death

• drug adverse effects of anticonvulsants

Drug interactions

• coadministration of valproic acid increases plasma barbiturate concentration
• coadministration of ethanol or other CNS depressants increases effect
• barbiturates induce CYP1A2, CYP2C9 & CYP3A4
  • may diminish levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C9 & CYP3A4

• drug interaction(s) anticonvulsants with anti-bacterial agents
• drug interaction(s) anticonvulsants with statins
• drug interaction(s) of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists with barbiturates

Laboratory

• specimen: serum, amobarbital in serum/plasma
• methods: color, GLC, HPLC, EIA, RIA
• interferences:
  • EIA, RIA: cross reactivity with other barbiturates
• laboratories with Loincs
  • amobarbital in specimen
    • amobarbital in hair
    • amobarbital in body fluid
      • amobarbital in serum/plasma/blood
        • amobarbital in blood
        • amobarbital in serum/plasma
      • amobarbital in gastric fluid
      • amobarbital in meconium
      • amobarbital in saliva
      • amobarbital in stool
      • amobarbital in urine
      • amobarbital in vitreous fluid

More general terms

• barbiturate
• anticonvulsant

Additional terms

• cytochrome p450 1A2 (cytochrome P3-450, phenacetin deethylase, cytochrome p450-4, CYP1A2)
• cytochrome P450 2C9; cytochrome P450 BP-1; cytochrome P450 MP-4; S-mephenytoin-4-hydroxylase; limonene 6-monooxygenase; limonene 7-monooxygenase (CYP2C9, CYP2C10)
• cytochrome P450 3A4 (cytochrome P450 C3, nifedipine oxidase, P450-PCN1, NF-25, CYP3A4)

Component of

• amobarbital/secobarbital (Tuinal)

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6149
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=2163
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=2164