phencyclidine; phenylcyclohexyl piperidine (Sernylan, PCP, angel dust)
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Introduction
Tradename: Sernylan.
Pharmacokinetics
- t1/2 of 7-46 hours, increased to 3 days with overdose
- acidication of urine to pH < 5.0 accelerates renal excretion
elimination via liver
elimination via kidney
1/2life = 7-46 hours
protein binding = 65-80 %
Adverse effects
- dissociative effects
- ataxia, numbness
- slurred speech
- nystagmus observed when patient is awake & agitated
- increased sensitivity to stimuli
- mood is dose-dependent & variable from euphoria to depression
- agitation
- autonomic manifestations
- may occur at low doses < 5 mg
- may differ at high doses (> 10 mg)
- schizophrenia-like symptoms
- status asthmaticus
- coma
- long-term abuse may result in memory impairment, speech impairment, depression, & weight loss
- addiction & withdrawal can occur after chronic abuse
- manifestations of craving & compulsive PCP-seeking behavior*
* is the true addiction? (can they get sick as in addiction to opiates & can they die as in addiction to alcohol?)
Laboratory
Mechanism of action
- lipophilic, basic amine
- appears to effect all neurotransmitter systems
- NMDA receptor antagonist
Management
- benzodiazepine or antipsychotic to manage symptoms[4]
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd edition, NW Tietz ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1995
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Sinert RO Fast Five Quiz: Psilocybin and Other Hallucinogenic Drugs. Medscape. September 07, 2021 https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/957547
- ↑ Brenner S, Thornton SL PCP Toxicity Medscape. Jan 23, 2021 https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1010821-overview#showall
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 NEJM Knowledge+ Psychiatry