analeptic (CNS stimulant)
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Indications
- attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
- cognitive impairment
- drowsiness
- fatigue
- asthma, bronchospasm
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- pulmomary emphysema
- chronic bronchitis
- headache
- nasal congestion, sinusitis
- urinary incontinence
- respiratory depression
- hypotension
- head injury
- weight reduction
- depression
- shift-work sleep disorder
- narcolepsy
- somnolence
Contraindications
- not apppropriate for healthy children
- 'inadvisable because of numerous social, developmental, & professional integrity issues'[3] (strength of evidence appears weak)
Monitor
Adverse effects
- tachyarrhythmias, false sense of well being, nervousness, restlessness, insomnia
- intoxication (overdose)
* management of intoxication:
Mechanism of action
- may interact with members of solute carrier family 6 SLC6A1, SLC6A3, SLC6A4
Complications
- stimulant-associated mortality, although less than opioid-related mortality increased from 3 per 100,000 to 10 per 100,000 from 2010 to 2017[4]
More general terms
More specific terms
- 8-chlorotheophylline
- amphetamine (Mydayis)
- benzphetamine; benzfetamine (Didrex)
- caffeine (NoDoz, Vivarin)
- cathinone; norephedrone; beta-ketoamphetamine
- chlorphentermine (Clorfentermina, Desopimon, Dezopimon, Lucofene)
- cocaine (Depsocaine, Eritroxilina)
- diethylpropion (Amfepramone, Frekentine, Moderatan, Dobesin)
- dimethylamylamine; methylhexaneamine; 1,3-dimethylpentylamine; Forthan, Forthane (DMAA)
- doxapram (Dopram)
- ephedrine
- fenethylline; amphetaminoethyltheophylline; amfetyline (Captagon, Biocapton, Fitton, INN)
- fenfluramine (Pondimin, Ponderil, Ponderex, Adipomin, Fintepla)
- mazindol (Sanorex)
- mephentermine (Wyamine)
- methylenedioxyamphetamine (Tenamfetamine)
- methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA)
- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy, Molly)
- methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta, Daytrana, Metadate CD, Centedrine)
- modafinil (Provigil, Sparlon)
- p-methoxyamphetamine
- pemoline; phenylisohydantoin (Cylert, PIO)
- phendimetrazine (Mephenmetrazine)
- phenmetrazine (Oxazimedrine, Preludin, Mefolin)
- phentermine (Fastin, Ionamin, Adipex)
- theophylline (Slo-Phyllin, Elixophyllin, Uniphyl, Theo-24, Theo-Dur, Slo-bid, Theolair)
References
- ↑ Prescriber's Letter 12(1): 2005 Nonmedical Stimulant Use Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=210107&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- ↑ Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 Vetter VL et al. Cardiovascular monitoring of children and adolescents with heart disease receiving stimulant drugs: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young Congenital Cardiac Defects Committee and the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing. Circulation 2008 Apr 21; [e-pub ahead of print] <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18427125 <Internet> http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.189473
- ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 Graf WD et al Pediatric neuroenhancement: Ethical, legal, social, and neurodevelopmental implications. Neurology. March 13, 2013 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23486879 <Internet> http://www.neurology.org/content/early/2013/03/13/WNL.0b013e318289703b.full.pdf+html
- ↑ Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 Black JS, Bau GE, Iwanicki JL et al Association of Medical Stimulants With Mortality in the US From 2010 to 2017. JAMA Intern Med. Published online February 1, 2021 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33523100 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2775307
- ↑ Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 Windle ML Rapid Rx Quiz: Stimulants Medscape.Oct 23, 2022 https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/981392