hypotension
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Introduction
Abnormally low blood pressure < 90/60 mm Hg.
Etiology
- pharmaceutical agents
- shock
- orthostatic hypotension
Clinical manifestations
- SBP* > 90 mm Hg: lightheadedness
- SBP* < 90 mm Hg: altered mental status
- MAP* < 65 mm Hg: diaphoresis
- a decrease in SBP* of > 40 mm Hg: oligouria
- prolonged capillary refill time may be associated with ischemia [[4]
* SBP = systolic blood pressure
* MAP = mean arterial pressure
Laboratory
- increased serum creatinine when lack of blood pressure response to fluid bolus
Complications
- intraoperative hypotension is associated with excess 30 day mortality
Management
- see specific etiology
- a mean arterial pressure of 65 mm Hg is the theshold at which there is sufficient pressure for organ perfusion (most humans)
More general terms
More specific terms
- hypotension during pregnancy
- orthostatic hypotension; Bradbury-Eggleston Syndrome; postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)
- postprandial hypotension
- shock
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed. Companion Handbook, Isselbacher et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1995, pg 829-39
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Geriatric Review Syllabus, 7th edition Parada JT et al (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2010
- ↑ Monk TG et al. Association between intraoperative hypotension and hypertension and 30-day postoperative mortality in noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 2015 Aug; 123:307. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26083768 Mascha EJ et al. Intraoperative mean arterial pressure variability and 30-day mortality in patients having noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 2015 Apr 30; 123:79. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25929547
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, 18, 19 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015, 2018, 2022
- ↑ National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Low Blood Pressure: NIH Institute and Center Resources https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/low-blood-pressure