histone deacetylase

Classification

• 3 classes of histone deacetylases:
  • class 1: homologous to yeast Rpd3 includes HDAC-1,2,3,8
  • class 2: homologous to yeast Hda1 includes HDAC-4,5,6,7,9
  • class 3: homologous to yeast & mouse Sir2 includes SIRT-1,2,3,4,5,6,7

Function

• gives a tag for epigenetic repression
• plays a role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression & developmental events
• histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes
• primarily involved in transcription repression through compaction of chromatin by removal of acetyl groups from Lys & exposing positive charge

...Lys-NH-Ac -> ...Lys-NH3+

• histone deacetylases have targets other than histones, including p53, E2F, GATA1, TFIIE & TFIIF

Inhibition:

• inhibited by trichostatin A (TSA), butyrate, trapoxin

More general terms

• amidohydrolase

More specific terms

• histone deacetylase 1 (reduced potassium dependency 3 [RPD3] homolog-like 1, HDAC1, RPD3L1)
• histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10)
• histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11, HD11)
• histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2)
• histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3, HD3, RPD3-2, SMAP45)
• histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4)
• histone deacetylase 5 (HD5, antigen NY-CO-9, HDAC5 KIAA0600)
• histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)
• histone deacetylase 7A (HDAC7A)
• histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8, CDA07, HDACL1)
• histone deacetylase 9 (HD9, HD7B, HD7, histone deacetylase-related protein, MEF2-interacting transcription repressor MITR, HDAC9, HDAC7, HDAC7B,, HDRP KIAA0744, MITR)
• silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) protein
• sirtuin (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog)

Additional terms

• histone deacetylase (HDAC) core complex

Components

• histone deacetylase complex subunit SAP30L (Sin3A-associated protein p30-like protein, Sin3 corepressor complex subunit SAP30L, HCV non-structural protein 4A-transactivated protein 2, SAP30L, NS4ATP2)