peroxiredoxin-2; thioredoxin peroxidase 1; thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase 1; thiol-specific antioxidant protein; TSA; PRP; natural killer cell-enhancing factor B; NKEF-B (PRDX2 NKEFB TDPX1)

Function

• role in redox regulation of the cell
• reduces peroxides with reducing equivalents provided through the thioredoxin system
• not able to receive electrons from glutaredoxin
• may play a role in eliminating peroxides generated during metabolism
• might participate in signaling cascades of growth factors & tumor necrosis factor-alpha by regulating intracellular H2O2
• interacts with TIPIN
• active site is redox-active Cys-51 oxidized to Cys-SOH
• Cys-SOH rapidly reacts Cys-172-SH of the other subunit to form an intermolecular disulfide with a concomitant homodimer formation
• the enzyme may be subsequently regenerated by reduction of the disulfide by thioredoxin
• inactivated upon oxidative stress by overoxidation of Cys-51 to Cys-SO2H & Cys-SO3H
• Cys-SO2H is retroreduced to Cys-SOH after removal of H2O2, while Cys-SO2H may be irreversibly oxidized

2 R'-SH + ROOH = R'-S-S-R' + H2O + ROH

Structure

• homodimer
• disulfide-linked, upon oxidation
• may be found as a toroid-shaped decamer composed of 5 dimers, depending on pH & Ca+2 concentration
• belongs to the ahpC/TSA family
• contains 1 thioredoxin domain

Compartment

cytoplasm

More general terms

• tperoxiredoxin (PRDX)

Database

• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P32119.html
• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=7001
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:7001
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/600538