fever & rash

Etiology

• centrally distributed maculopapular eruption
  • viral exanthems
    • rubeola (measles)
    • rubella (German measles)
    • erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19)
    • exanthem subitum (roseola, human herpesvirus-6)
    • primary HIV infection
    • infectious mononucleosis
    • echovirus 2, 4, 9, 11, 16, 19, 25
    • coxsackievirus A9, B1, B5
  • bacterial exanthems
    • epidemic typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii)
    • endemic (murine) typhus (Rickettsia typhi)
    • scrub typhus (Rickettsia tsutsugamushi)
    • Rickettsial spotted fevers
    • ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia species)
    • leptospirosis (Leptospira interrogans)
    • Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
    • typhoid fever (Salmonella typhi)
    • rat-bite fever (soduka, Spirillum minus)
    • relapsing fever (Borrelia species)
    • erythema marginatum (rheumatic fever, Group A strep)
  • autoimmune disease
    • systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Still's disease (adult onset)
• peripheral eruption
  • viral exanthems
    • atypical measles (paramyxovirus)
    • hand-foot & mouth-disease (Coxsackievirus A16)
  • bacterial exanthems
    • chronic meningiococcemia (Neisseria meningitidis)
    • disseminated gonococcal infection (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
    • Rocky Mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsii)
    • secondary syphilis (Treponema pallidum)
    • Haverhill fever (Streptobacillus moniliformis)
    • bacterial endocarditis (Streptococcus, Staphylococcus)
  • erythema multiforme
• confluent desquamative erythema
  • bacterial exanthems
    • scarlet fever (Group A strep)
    • toxic shock syndrome (Group A strep, S. aureus)
    • Staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome
  • Kawasaki disease
  • exfoliative erythroderma syndrome
  • toxic epidermal necrolysis
• vesiculobullous eruption
  • viral exanthems
    • hand-foot & mouth-disease (Coxsackievirus A16)
    • chickenpox (Varicella zoster)
  • bacterial exanthems
    • Staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome
    • rickettsialpox (Rickettsia akari)
    • Vibrio vulnificus
  • toxic epidermal necrolysis
  • echthyma gangrenosum (gram-negative rods, fungi)
• urticarial eruption
  • urticarial vasculitis
    • serum sickness
    • connective tissue disease
    • infection
    • idiopathic
• nodular eruption
  • disseminated infection (fungal, mycobacterial)
  • erythema nodosum (infections, drugs, sarcoidosis)
  • Sweet's syndrome (Yersinia, lymphoproliferative disorder)
• purpuric eruption
  • viral exanthems
    • enteroviral petechial rash
      • echovirus 9
      • coxsackievirus A9
    • viral hemorrhagic fever (arbovirus, arenavirus)
  • bacterial exanthems
    • acute meningiococcemia (Neisseria meningitidis)
    • chronic meningiococcemia (Neisseria meningitidis)
    • disseminated gonococcal infection (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
  • thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
  • purpura fulminans (severe DIC)

More general terms

• fever
• rash