leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LAIR-1, hLAIR1, CD305 antigen, LAIR1, CD305)

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Function

inhibitory receptor
constitutive negative regulatory role on cytolytic function of natural killer cells, B-cells & T-cells.
activation by Tyr phosphorylation results in recruitment & activation of phosphatases PTPN6 & PTPN11
- when phosphorylated, ITIM motif can bind the SH2 domain of SH2-containing phosphatases, leading to down- regulation of cell activation
- phosphorylation at Tyr-251 & Tyr-281 activates CD305
- phosphorylated by LCK (putative)
inhibits increase of intracellular Ca+2 evoked by B-cell receptor ligation
modulates cytokine production in CD4+ T-cells
- downregulates IL2 & IFNG production
- induces secretion of TGF-beta
downregulates IgG & IgE production in B-cells
downregulates IL8, IL10 & TNF secretion
inhibits proliferation & induces apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cell lines
prevents nuclear translocation of NF-kappa-B p65 subunit/ RELA & phosphorylation of I-kappa-B alpha/CHUK
inhibits the differentiation of peripheral blood precursors towards dendritic cells
interacts with SH2 domains of tyrosine-protein phosphatases PTPN6 & PTPN11
interacts with the SH2 domain of CSK

expressed on the majority of peripheral mononuclear cells, including natural killer cells, T-cells, B-cells, monocytes, & dendritic cells
highly expressed in naive T-cells & B-cells but no expression on germinal center B-cells
loss of expression when naive B-cells proliferate & differentiate into Ig-producing plasma cells
induced by T-cell receptor stimulation

low expression in naive B-cells from HIV-1 infected patients
low expression in NK cells from a patient with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection