interferon [IFN]-gamma; interferon type 2; immune interferon (IFNG)
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Function
- antiproliferative effects
- NK cell activation
- MHC class II expression
- antiviral effects
- activation of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase which in turn activates an endonuclease that degrades viral RNA
- NK cell activation facilitates antiviral activity
- macrophage activation
- inhibition of IL-4
- can potentiate the antiviral & antitumor effects of the type 1 interferons
Structure
- homodimer
- proteolytic processing produces C-terminal heterogeneity, with proteins ending alternatively at Gly-150, Met-157 or Gly-161
- belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family
Compartment
Expression
- expressed & secreted primarily from activated T lymphocytes
Pathology
- in Caucasians, genetic variation in IFNG is associated with risk of aplastic anemia
- higher plasma levels of IFN-gamma in cognitively intact older adults associated with slower cognitive decline independent of beta-amyloid burden[11]
Pharmacology
- available under the name Actimmune (Genentech)
- used for reducing the frequency & severity of serious infections associated with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)
More general terms
More specific terms
References
- ↑ Devos R, Cheroutre H, Taya Y, Degrave W, Van Heuverswyn H, Fiers W. Molecular cloning of human immune interferon cDNA and its expression in eukaryotic cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Apr 24;10(8):2487-501. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6176945
- ↑ Pestka S, Langer JA, Zoon KC, Samuel CE. Interferons and their actions. Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:727-77. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2441659
- ↑ Henderson & Blake Therapeutic potential of cytokine manipulation TIPS 13:145 1992 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589908
- ↑ Scott P IL-12: initiation cytokine for cell-mediated immunity Science 260:496 1993 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8097337
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
- ↑ Entrez Gene http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=3458
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P01579.html
- ↑ GeneReviews http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/genetests/lab/gene/IFNG
- ↑ Wikipedia; Note: interferon gamma entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/interferon_gamma
- ↑ SeattleSNPs http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/ifng/
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 George J Two Inflammatory Proteins Linked With Slower Cognitive Decline. Surprise finding ties plasma cytokine levels with Alzheimer's biomarkers and cognition. MedPage Today June 23, 2021 https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/alzheimersdisease/93257
Yang HS, Zhang C, Carlyle BC et al Plasma IL-12/IFN-gamma axis predicts cognitive trajectories in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Alzheimer's & Dementia. 2021. June 23 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34160128 https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alz.12399