inflammation
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Introduction
Immune response to infection or irritation
Epidemiology
- seasonal variation in inflammation[3]
- in Eastern Europe, serum CRP & soluble IL6 receptor (markers of inflammation) increase during winter months[3]
- incidence of deaths due to cardiovascular disease & rheumatoid arthritis (presumed inflammatory) is greater in winter[3]
Clinical manifestations
The 5 signs of inflammation:
- Rubor (redness)
- Calor (heat or warmth)
- Dolor (pain)
- Tumor (swelling)
- Functio laesa (loss of function/organ dysfunction)
Laboratory
Non-specific laboratory indicators of inflammation:
- complete blood count
- serum albumin: hypoalbuminemia
- elevated ESR & serum CRP
- increased acute-phase proteins
- increased serum transaminases & serum LDH
Complications
More general terms
More specific terms
- acute inflammation
- acute phase reaction
- adenitis
- adenohypophysitis
- apophysitis
- arthritis
- balanitis
- balanoposthitis
- blepharochalasis
- capsulitis
- carditis
- cerebritis
- cholecystitis
- chondritis
- chronic inflammation
- cutaneous pseudolymphoma
- dacryoadenitis
- dactylitis (sausage digit)
- dermatitis
- discitis
- duodenitis
- encephalitis
- enteritis
- epicondylitis
- episcleritis
- esophagitis
- eye infection (ocular inflammation including eyelid inflammation)
- fasciitis
- folliculitis
- ganglionitis
- gastritis
- gastroenteritis
- gingivitis
- glossitis
- hepatitis
- hypophysitis
- inflammatory arthritis
- inflammatory infiltrate
- Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
- laryngitis
- lymphadenitis
- mastoiditis
- medial retinaculitis
- mediastinitis
- meningitis
- meniscitis
- mucositis
- myelitis
- myofibrositis
- myositis (inflammatory myopathy)
- nephritis
- neuritis
- neuroinflammatory disease
- onychia
- ophthalmia; ophthalmitis
- orbital inflammation
- osteitis
- osteochondritis
- pancreatitis
- paronychia
- periarthritis
- pericoronitis; operculitis
- periostitis
- pharyngitis
- pneumonitis
- pouchitis
- proctitis (rectitis)
- pulpitis
- rash
- retinitis
- sacroiliitis
- sclerosing mesenteritis
- serositis
- sesamoiditis
- sigmoiditis
- syndesmitis
- systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)
- tendonitis (tendon injury)
- thyroiditis
- trochleitis
- vaginitis
- vasculitis
- ventriculitis
- vitreitis (hyalitis)
- vulvitis
References
- ↑ Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 846
- ↑ Fontana L. Neuroendocrine factors in the regulation of inflammation: excessive adiposity and calorie restriction. Exp Gerontol. 2009 Jan-Feb;44(1-2):41-5. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18502597
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Komaroff AL Remarkable Seasonality in Human Immune System. NEJM Journal Watch. May 28, 2015 Massachusetts Medical Society (subscription needed) http://www.jwatch.org
Dopico XC et al. Widespread seasonal gene expression reveals annual differences in human immunity and physiology. Nat Commun 2015 May 12; 6:7000 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25965853