death

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Introduction

Etiology

Causes of death in the United States 2019-2023 (in descending order)[25]

heart disease

cancer

accidents/trauma#...,, COVID-19* (2020-2021)

chronic lower respiratory diseases

stroke

Alzheimer's disease

diabetes mellitus

kidney disease

influenza & pneumonia

suicide#


chronic liver disease, cirrhosis * Covid-19 not making top 10 in 2023

Causes of death in the United States 2015-2020[20]

Causes of death in the United States 2020 (in descending order)[20]

heart disease

cancer

COVID-19*

accidents/trauma#

stroke

chronic lower respiratory diseases

Alzheimer's disease

diabetes mellitus

influenza & pneumonia

kidney disease

suicide#

* Deaths attributed to COVID-19 accounted for 72.4% of US excess deaths[21]

# Firearm deaths now (2022) leading cause of death from trauma is U.S. exceeding deaths from motor vehicle accidents[18]

falls account for > 1/2 of deaths from injury in the elderly (>= 65 years)[9]

Causes of death in the United States 2014[13]

Cause %
heart disease 23%
cancer 22% (183 per 100,000 in 2017)[17]
chronic lung disease 5.6%
accidents 5.2%
stroke 5.1%
Alzheimer's disease 3.6% (36.9 per 100,000 in 2017)[17]
diabetes mellitus 2.9%
influenza & pneumonia* 2.1% (16.6 per 100,000 in 2017)[17]
renal failure 1.8%
suicide 1.6%

* Stroke, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes mellitus, influenza & pneumonia & renal failure included in 2014 cause of death seem not to be included above from ref[14].

* The splash of ref[14] is that medical errors are the 3rd most common cause of death in the U.S.

* Considerable discrepancies as to the frequency of medical error as a cause of death in discussed in ref[14]

* world-wide, bacterial infections are the 2nd most common cause of death[23]

age-adjusted mortality rate in U.S. rose between 2014 & 2015

Causes of death in the United States 2013[14]

Etiology %
heart disease 24%
cancer 23%
medical errors 9.7%
chronic lung disease 5.7%
suicide 1.6%
motor vehicles 1.3%
firearms 1.3%

Causes of death in the United States 2008[6]

Etiology %
heart disease 20.3%
cancer 18.6%
Lung cancer 5.2%
Leukemia//lymphoma 1.8%
Colorectal carcinoma 1.8%
Breast cancer 1.4% (both sexes combined)
pancreatic cancer 0.6%
prostate cancer 0.5%
chronic lung disease 4.6%
stroke 4.4%
accidents 4.0%
motor vehicle accidents 1.3%
other accidents 2.7%
Alzheimer's disease 2.7%
diabetes mellitus 2.3%
influenza & pneumonia 1.8%
renal failure 1.6%
sepsis 1.2%
suicide 1.2%
liver disease 1.0%
hypertension 0.8%
Parkinson's disease 0.7%
homicide 0.6%
all other causes 15.4%
Etiology Age 65 & over % -
heart disease 27.6%
cancer 21.8%
chronic lung disease 6.7%
stroke 6.3%
Alzheimer's disease 4.5%
diabetes mellitus 2.8%
influenza & pneumonia 2.7%
renal failure 2.2%
accidents 2.2%
sepsis 1.5%
all other causes 21.6%

In 2002, cancer surpassed heart disease as major cause of death for people under age 85. In 2002, 476,009 people died of cancer, 450,637 died of heart disease.

In 2000-2009, suicide surpassed motor vehicle accidents as the leading cause of injury-related mortality.[8] (except elderly, see below)[9]

Until age 45, the most common cause of death is accidents[6]

Until age 25, the most common cause of accident-related death is due to motor vehicle accidents[6]

Age 45-64 cancer is the most common cause of death, followed by heart disease & accidents[6]

In the elderly, 47% of injury-related deaths are due to falls, 12% due to motor-vehicle accidents, 7% due to suffocation & 13% due to suicide.[10]

Etiology %
heart disease 24%
cancer 23%
medical errors 9.7%
chronic lung disease 5.7%
suicide 1.6%
motor vehicles 1.3%
firearms 1.3%

Causes of death in the United States 2008[6]

Etiology %
heart disease 20.3%
cancer 18.6%
Lung cancer 5.2%
Leukemia//lymphoma 1.8%
Colorectal carcinoma 1.8%
Breast cancer 1.4% (both sexes combined)
pancreatic cancer 0.6%
prostate cancer 0.5%
chronic lung disease 4.6%
stroke 4.4%
accidents 4.0%
motor vehicle accidents 1.3%
other accidents 2.7%
Alzheimer's disease 2.7%
diabetes mellitus 2.3%
influenza & pneumonia 1.8%
renal failure 1.6%
sepsis 1.2%
suicide 1.2%
liver disease 1.0%
hypertension 0.8%
Parkinson's disease 0.7%
homicide 0.6%
all other causes 15.4%
Etiology Age 65 & over % -
heart disease 27.6%
cancer 21.8%
chronic lung disease 6.7%
stroke 6.3%
Alzheimer's disease 4.5%
diabetes mellitus 2.8%
influenza & pneumonia 2.7%
renal failure 2.2%
accidents 2.2%
sepsis 1.5%
all other causes 21.6%

In 2002, cancer surpassed heart disease as major cause of death for people under age 85. In 2002, 476,009 people died of cancer, 450,637 died of heart disease.

In 2000-2009, suicide surpassed motor vehicle accidents as the leading cause of injury-related mortality.[8] (except elderly, see below)[9]

Until age 45, the most common cause of death is accidents[6]

Until age 25, the most common cause of accident-related death is due to motor vehicle accidents[6]

Age 45-64 cancer is the most common cause of death, followed by heart disease & accidents[6]

In the elderly, 47% of injury-related deaths are due to falls, 12% due to motor-vehicle accidents, 7% due to suffocation & 13% due to suicide.[10]

Epidemiology

  • 64% of deaths < 65 years of age occur in males
  • male/female ratio of deaths > 65 years of age ~= 1/1.
  • 70% of deaths occur in individuals > 65 years of age
  • cold weather is associated with more deaths than hot weather[12]

Clinical manifestations

More general terms

More specific terms

Additional terms

References

  1. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
  2. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 222
  3. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed. Isselbacher et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1994, pg 1106
  4. Netscape sites American Cancer Society http://www.cancer.org/statistics
  5. End of Life https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/end-of-life
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 Minino AM et al Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2008 National Vital Statistics Reports 59(2) 2010 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr59/nvsr59_02.pdf
  7. Murphy SL et al Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2010 National Vital Statistics Reports 60(4) 2012 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr60/nvsr60_04.pdf
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 Rockett IRH et al Leading Causes of Unintentional and Intentional Injury Mortality: United States: 2000-2009 Am J Public Health Sept 20, 2012 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22994256 <Internet> http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300960
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Geriatric Review Syllabus, 8th edition (GRS8) Durso SC and Sullivan GN (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2013
    Geriatric Review Syllabus, 11th edition (GRS11) Harper GM, Lyons WL, Potter JF (eds) American Geriatrics Society, 2022
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    Data Brief 229: Mortality in the United States, 2014 http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db229_table.pdf#1
  14. 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Frellick M Medical Error Is Third Leading Cause of Death in US. Medscape Medical News. May 3, 2016 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/862832
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    Ahmad FB, Cisewski JA, Minino A, Anderson RN. Provisional Mortality Data - United States, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub: 31 March 2021 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33830988 https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7014e1.htm
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