respiration (breathing)
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Introduction
A fundamental process of life, characteristic of both plants & animals. In mammals, oxygen is obtained from the air by the lungs & transported from the lungs into the tissues of the body by hemoglobin within erythrocytes. Transfer of oxygen to & from erythrocytes is by passive diffusion.
Motor function for spontaneous respirations facilitated by cervical nerve C4[2]
Anatomic lesions resulting in abnormal respirations:
- damage to upper midbrain &/or diencephalon can result in Cheyne-Stokes respirations
- damage to midbrain can cause neurogenic hyperventilation
- damage to medullary respiratory centers can cause apneustic, cluster or ataxic patterns of breathing
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
- Cheyne-Stokes respiration (includes: high altitude periodic breathing)
- hyperventilation
- hypoventilation
- respiratory system
- respiratory therapy (RT)
- respiratory tract disease
References
- ↑ Stedman's Medical Dictionary 27th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1999
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Geriatrics at your Fingertips, 21st edition, 2019 Reuben DB et al (eds) American Geriatric Society ISSNL 1553-152X, ISBN 978-1-886775-62-6
- ↑ National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) How the Lungs Work http://health.nih.gov/search.asp/15 https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/how-lungs-work
- ↑ National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Lung Diseases https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/conditions/lung-disease/index.cfm