dermatitis
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Introduction
Inflammation of the skin.
Classification
- acute
- macroscopic spongiosis with vesicles & bullae
- examples:
- contact dermatitis of poison oak or ivy
- hypersensitivity of acute neutrophilic dermatosis
- subacute
- chronic
- lichenification
- post-inflammatory pigmentary changes
Etiology
- exogenous
- contact dermatitis of poison oak or ivy
- hypersensitivity of acute neutrophilic dermatosis
- endogenous
- dyshidrotic eczema
- stasis dermatitis
- pharmaceuticals
- also see differential diagnosis of skin lesions by body region
Pathology
- inflammation of the epidermis
- epidermal spongiosis
Clinical manifestations
- exogenous (contact dermatitis)
- irregular configuration of lesions
- linear configuration of lesions or sharp angles
- distribution of rash may suggest diagnosis
- rash in areas where jewelry is worn suggests contact dermatitis due to nickel hypersensitivity
- endogenous dermatitis
- rounded borders
Differential diagnosis
- contact dermatitis
- atopic dermatitis
- asteatotic dermatitis
- lichen simplex chronicus
- rash associated with skin infection
Management
- topical glucocorticoids
- caution: tachyphylaxis may occur with prolonged treatment of endogenous eczema
- remove/avoid offending agent(s)
- probiotics not useful[4]
More general terms
More specific terms
- acne keloidalis nuchae; folliculitis keloidalis
- acrodermatitis
- chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis (Winkler disease)
- coral dermatitis
- cutaneous vasculitis; predominantly cutaneous vasculitis
- dermatomyositis
- diaper rash
- eczematous dermatitis (eczema)
- erucism (caterpillar dermatitis)
- erythema dyschromicum perstans; ashy dermatosis
- erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis)
- exfoliative erythroderma
- figurate dermatitis (rings, arcs)
- hand dermatitis
- id reaction (autoeczematous reaction)
- moisture-associated skin damage (MASD)
- neurodermatitis
- papulosquamous dermatitis
- periorbital dermatitis
- pseudofolliculitis barbae; pili incarnati
- psoriasiform dermatitis; psoriaform dermatitis
- pustular dermatitis
- radiodermatitis (radiation dermatitis)
- seborrheic dermatitis; seborrhea; cradle cap (infants)
- skin maceration
- vesiculobullous dermatitis
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed. Companion Handbook, Isselbacher et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1995, pg 829-39
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
- ↑ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 298
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Boyle RJ et al. Probiotics for treating eczema (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008 Oct 8. <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843705 <Internet> http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006135.pub2
- ↑ Leung DY et al. New insights into atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest 2004 Mar 3; 113:651 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14991059
- ↑ Chan CX, Zug KA. Diagnosis and management of dermatitis, including atopic, contact, and hand eczemas. Med Clin North Am. 2021;105:611-26. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34059241
- ↑ The National Eczema Society. http://www.eczema.org/