thyroid storm

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Introduction

Extreme manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. Life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism.

Etiology

* most commonly Graves disease in combination with preciptating factor(s)

Epidemiology

  • rare

Pathology

  • acute release of preformed hormone
  • no correlation between level of circulating level of T4 & severity of symptoms

Clinical manifestations

Laboratory

* clinical diagnosis; no level of thyroxine is diagnostic[2]

Complications

  • mortality 15-20% with treatment[2]
  • mortality may be as high as 30%[2]

Management

More general terms

Additional terms

References

  1. Contributions from Paulette Ginier Dept of Endocrinology, UCSF Fresno
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2015. 2018
    Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 19 Board Basics. An Enhancement to MKSAP19. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2022
  3. Nayak B, Burman K. Thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2006 Dec;35(4):663-86 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17127140
  4. Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Wartofsky L. Thyroid emergencies. Med Clin North Am. 2012 Mar;96(2):385-403 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22443982
  5. Hampton J. Thyroid gland disorder emergencies: thyroid storm and myxedema coma. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2013 Jul-Sep;24(3):325-32. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23880755
  6. Sharp CS, Wilson MP, Nordstrom K. Psychiatric Emergencies for Clinicians: The Emergency Department Management of Thyroid Storm. J Emerg Med. 2016 May 30. pii: S0736-4679(16)00044-5. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27256626
  7. Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Wartofsky L. Thyroid emergencies. Med Clin North Am. 2012 Mar;96(2):385-403. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22443982
  8. Feldt-Rasmussen U, Emerson CH, Ross DS, et al. Thoughts on the Japanese and American perspectives on thyroid storm [Editorial]. Thyroid. 2019;29:1033-1035. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31140377