iodine [I]

Introduction

From the Greek iodes meaning violet colored. Discovered in 1811 by French chemist Bernard Courtois.

Occurrence

• seaweed & brine wells
• Chilean saltpeter, caliche, salt wells

Characteristics

• nonmetallic halogen element
• heavy, volatile, shining blackish gray crystals
• forms blue-violet gas with irritating odor
• forms compounds with most elements
• slightly soluble in water
• pure iodine is poisonous

Uses

• biomedicine
  • essential element to many species
  • component of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroglobulin
  • deficiency causes goiter
• pharmacology
  • Lugol's solution
  • Thyro-Block
  • radiopharmaceutical (iodine-131)
• photography
• analysis

Laboratory

• iodine in serum/plasma
• iodine in urine
  • iodine free in urine
• iodine in milk
• iodine in hair
• iodine in liver
• iodine in water

More general terms

• halogen
• trace element
• bioagent

More specific terms

• iodine-123
• iodine-125
• iodine-131 (I[131])

Additional terms

• I- (iodide)
• iodophor
• Lugol's solution (iodine/iodide)
• periodic table
• povidone-iodine (Betadine)
• radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) test
• radioactive iodine-131 (I-131) ablation

Component of

• iodine/isopropanol/sodium iodide
• iodine/isopropanol/potassium iodide
• iodine/tositumomab
• iodine/lactic acid
• iodine/isopropanol/povidone iodine
• iodine/isopropanol
• heptanoic acid/iodine
• ethanol/iodine/sodium iodide
• chloroxylenol/iodine/menthol
• ca+2/iodine/isoproterenol
• iodine/potassium iodide
• povidone-iodine (Betadine)
• Lugol's solution (iodine/iodide)

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=807
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=30165