transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1; osm-9-like TRP channel 1; vanilloid receptor 1; VR1 capsaicin receptor (TRPV1, OTRPC1)

Function

• receptor-activated non-selective Ca+ channel
• detection of noxious chemical & thermal stimuli
• mediates proton influx
• intracellular acidosis in nociceptive neurons
• mediation of inflammatory pain & hyperalgesia
  • itch receptor
• sensitized by phosphatidylinositol second messenger system activated by receptor tyrosine kinases involving PKC & PLC
• may form heteromeric channel with TRPV3
• interacts with calmodulin, PRKCM, CSK, PRKCG, NTRK1
• phosphorylation by PKA reverses capsaicin-induced
• dephosphorylation at multiple sites, probably including Ser-117 (major phosphorylation site)
• phosphorylation by CAMK2 regulates binding to vanilloids
• phosphorylated & modulated by PKCM & PKCZ
• dephosphorylation by calcineurin desensitizatizes receptor; phosphorylation by CAMKII recovers activity
• responses evoked by low pH & heat, & capsaicin, antagonized by capsazepine

Structure

self-associates, homotetramer

Compartment

cell membrane

Alternative splicing

named isoforms=2

Expression

• widely expressed at low levels
• expressed in nerves & joints
• expression is elevated in dorsal root ganglia
• in skin, expressed in cutaneous sensory nerve fibers, mast cells, epidermal keratinocytes, dermal blood vessels, the inner root sheet & infundibulum of hair follicles, differentiated sebocytes, sweat gland ducts, secretory portion of eccrine sweat glands

Comparative biology

• inhibition of TRPV1 extends lifespan of mice & improves insulin sensitivity

More general terms

• transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V (TRPV)
• Ca+2 channel
• transmembrane 6 protein
• phosphoprotein
• glycoprotein

Database

• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/602076
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8NER1.html