axin-1; axis inhibition protein 1; hAxin (AXIN1, AXIN)
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Function
- controls dorsoventral patterning via two opposing effects
- down-regulates beta-catenin to inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway & ventralize embryos
- dorsalizes embryos by activating a Wnt-independent JNK signaling pathway
- in Wnt signaling, probably facilitates phosphorylation of beta-catenin & APC by GSK3B
- likely to function as a tumor suppressor
- facilitates the phosphorylation of TP53 by HIPK2 upon ultraviolet irradiation
- wild-type axin1 can induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma & colorectal cancer cells
- enhances TGF-beta signaling by recruiting the RNF111 E3 ubiquitin ligase & promoting degradation of inhibitory SMAD7
- probably phosphorylated by GSK3B & dephosphorylated by PP2A
- interacts with TP53 & HIPK2
- probably part of a complex consisting of TP53, HIPK2 & AXIN1
- interacts with glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3B) & beta-catenin
- reduces levels of beta-catenin by targeting for proteasomal degradation
- interaction between axin & beta-catenin occurs via the armadillo repeats contained in beta-catenin
- ternary complex also binds to plakoglobin (gamma-catenin), APC, DVL & PP2A
- interacts with SMAD6, SMAD7 & RNF111. interacts with DIXDC1
- prevents interaction with MAP3K1
- interacts with MAP3K4, MDFI & MDFIC
- interacts with ANKRD6
- interacts with AIDA
Structure
- homodimer (putative)
- contains 1 DIX domain
- contains 1 RGS domain
Compartment
Alternative splicing
- named isoforms=2
Expression
- ubiquitously expressed
Pathology
- mutations in AXIN1 found in hepatocellular carcinomas[2]
- hypermethylation of the AXIN1 promoter may be associated with caudal duplication anomaly
More general terms
References
- ↑ Clevers H Axin and hepatocellular carcinomas. Nature Genetics 24:206-8, 2000 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10700164
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Satoh S et al AXIN1 mutations in hepatocellular carcinomas, and growth suppression in cancer cells by virus-mediated transfer of AXIN1. Nature genetics 24:245-50, 2000 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10700176
- ↑ Entrez Gene http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8312
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O15169.html
Database
- Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8312
- Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8312
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/114550
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/603816
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/607864
- UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O15169.html