ascites

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Introduction

The accumulation of excess fluid within the peritoneal cavity.

Etiology

* ascites develops in 50% of patients with cirrhosis within 10 years[2]

Pathology

Clinical manifestations

Laboratory

Diagnostic procedures

Radiology

(as indicated)

Complications

Differential diagnosis

Management

More general terms

More specific terms

Additional terms

References

  1. Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, Rakel (ed), WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996, pg 363-64
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2009, 2012, 2015, 2018, 2021.
    Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 19 Board Basics. An Enhancement to MKSAP19. American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2022
  3. Runyon BA; AASLD Practice Guidelines Committee. Management of adult patients with ascites due to cirrhosis: an update. Hepatology. 2009 Jun;49(6):2087-107 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19475696
  4. 4.0 4.1 Farias AQ et al. Serum B-type natriuretic peptide in the initial workup of patients with new onset ascites: A diagnostic accuracy study. Hepatology 2014 Mar; 59:1043 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23907731 <Internet> http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.26643/abstract
  5. Gordon FD Ascites. Clin Liver Dis. 2012 May;16(2):285-99 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22541699
  6. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2018 Apr 10. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29653741 https://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/S0168-8278(18)31966-4/fulltext
  7. Sola E, Sole C, Gines P. Management of uninfected and infected ascites in cirrhosis. Liver Int. 2016 Jan;36 Suppl 1:109-15. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26725907
  8. 8.0 8.1 Komolafe O, Roberts D, Freemasn SC et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in people with liver cirrhosis: A network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jan 16; 1:CD013125 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31978256 https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD013125.pub2/ful
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 Biggins SW et al. Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatorenal syndrome: 2021 practice guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology 2021 Aug; 74:1014 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33942342 https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.31884
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 NEJM Knowledge+ Gastroenterology
  11. 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Garcia-Tsao G et al. AGA clinical practice update on the use of vasoactive drugs and intravenous albumin in cirrhosis: Expert review. Gastroenterology 2024 Jan; 166:202. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37978969 https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(23)05143-0/fulltext