FODMAP (Fermentable, Oligo-, Di-, Monosaccharides, & Polyols)

Introduction

Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, And Polyols.

• fermentable, poorly absorbed, short-chain carbohydrates, including:
  • fructose, lactose, fructans (found in wheat), galactans, & polyol sweeteners

Pathology

• diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D)
• may be culprit in gluten sensitivity without celiac disease
  • patients with irritable bowel syndrome who report gluten sensitivity may be sensitive to FODMAPs

Management

• low FODMAP diet
  • low FODMAP diet leads to clinical response in 50%-80% of patients with IBS-D, in particular with improvements in bloating, flatulence, & diarrhea
  • low FODMAP diet leads to profound changes in intestinal flora, the duration & clinical relevance are unknown
  • low FODMAP diet superior to antispasmodic agent for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D)

Notes

• FODMAPs in wheat, rye, & legumes

More general terms

• food

Additional terms

• celiac sprue (gluten-sensitive enteropathy)
• irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
• low FODMAP diet

Components

• fructan
• fructose
• lactose
• galactan
• polyol
• gluten