meclizine (Antivert)
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Introduction
Tradenames: Antivert.
Indications
- antihistamine
- prevention & treatment of nausea & vomiting
- treatment of motion sickness
- management of vestibular toxicity caused by morphine
- vertigo
- Meniere's disease[4]
Contraindications
Dosage
- vertigo: 25 mg PO every 6 hours PRN
- motion sickness: 25-50 mg 1 hour prior to exposure
- 25-50 mg every 8-12 hours PRN
- maximum 100 mg/day
- take after meals
Tabs: 12,5, 25, 50 mg.
Pharmacokinetics
- onset of action is about 1 hour
- duration of action is 8-24 hours
- 1/2life is approximately 6 hours
- metabolized by the liver
- eliminated in the urine & feces
elimination via liver
Adverse effects
- common (> 10%)
- slight to moderate drowsiness
- thickening of bronchial secretions
- less common (1-10%)
- headache, fatigue, appetite increase, weight increase, nervousness, dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dry mouth, pharyngitis, arthralgia
- uncommon (< 1%)
- other
Drug interactions
- other CNS depressants & MAO inhibitors intensify anti- cholinergic effects
- neuroleptics
- anticholinergic agents
Mechanism of action
- histamine H1 receptor antagonist
- anticholinergic, antiemetic, anesthetic & anti-motion sickness properties
- depresses excitability & conduction in vestibular-cerebellar pathways
More general terms
References
- ↑ The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- ↑ Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
- ↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Deprecated Reference
Database
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=4034
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=173612
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=64713
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=92303
- PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=657217