vascular endothelial growth factor-A; vascular permeability factor (VEGFA, VEGF, VPF)
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Function
- facilitates angiogenesis, vasculogenesis & endothelial cell growth
- induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis & induces permeability of blood vessels
- VEGF is 50,000 times more potent than histamine in inducing vascular permeability
- binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 & KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate & heparin
- NRP1/neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 & VEGF-145
- isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR
- does not activate downstream signaling pathways
- does not activate angiogenesis
- inhibits tumor growth
- dopamine inhibits angiogenic activities of VEGF
- forms heterodimer with PGF
Structure
- homodimer; disulfide-linked
- belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family
Compartment
Alternative splicing
Alternative promoter usage
Expression
- expresseion regulated by growth factors, cytokines, gonadotropins, nitric oxide, hypoxia, hypoglycemia & oncogenic mutations
- expression is upregulated by hypoxia
- gene contains hypoxia responsive element
Pathology
- defects in VEGFA are a cause of susceptibility to microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus type 1
Pharmacology
- target of agents used to treat wet macular degeneration: aflibercept
Laboratory
More general terms
Additional terms
- HIF1
- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor
- vascular endothelial growth factor B; VEGF-B; VEGF-related factor; VRF (VEGFB, VRF)
- vascular endothelial growth factor C; VEGF-C; vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein; VRP; Flt4 ligand; Flt4-L (VEGFC)
- vascular endothelial growth factor D; VEGF-D; c-fos-induced growth factor; FIGF (FIGF, VEGFD)
- vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] receptor
References
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P15692.html
- ↑ R&D systems' cytokine mini-reviews: VEGF http://www.rndsystems.com/molecule_detail.aspx?m=2247
- ↑ Wikipedia; Note: VEGF entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/vascular_endothelial_growth_factor
- ↑ SeattleSNPs http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/vegf/
- ↑ Ross R The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis Nature 362:801 1993 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8479518
- ↑ Entrez Gene http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=7422