neuropilin-1; vascular endothelial cell growth factor 165 receptor; CD304 (NRP1, NRP, VEGF165R)
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Function
- membrane-bound isoform 1
- receptor involved in
- development of the cardiovascular system
- angiogenesis
- formation of certain neuronal circuits
- organogenesis outside the nervous system
- mediates chemorepulsant activity of semaphorins
- binds to semaphorin 3A, the PLGF-2 isoform of PGF, the VEGF-165 isoform of VEGF & VEGF-B
- coexpression with KDR results in increased VEGF-165 binding to KDR as well as increased chemotaxis
- may regulate VEGF-induced angiogenesis
- receptor involved in
- soluble isoform 2
- binds VEGF-165 & appears to inhibit its binding to cells
- may also induce apoptosis by sequestering VEGF-165
- may bind various members of the semaphorin family
- expression has a negative impact on blood vessel number & integrity
- heterodimer with NRP2 (probable)
- binds PLXNB1
Structure
- belongs to the neuropilin family
- contains 2 CUB domains
- contains 2 F5/8 type C domains
- contains 1 MAM domain
Compartment
- cell membrane; single-pass type 1 membrane protein
- isoform 2: secreted
Alternative splicing
- named isoforms=2
Expression
- expression of isoforms 1 & 2 does not seem to overlap
- isoform 1 is expressed by blood vessels of different tissues
- in the developing embryo, it is found predominantly in the nervous system
- in adult tissues, expressed in heart & placenta > lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney & pancreas > brain
- isoform 2 is found in liver hepatocytes, kidney distal & renal proximal tubules