histone H2A type 1; H2A.1; histone-H2A.4, H2A/p (HIST1H2AG, H2AFP, HIST1H2AI, H2AFC, HIST1H2AK, H2AFD, HIST1H2AL, H2AFI, HIST1H2AM, H2AFN)
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Function
- core component of nucleosome
- chromatin-associated form is phosphorylated on Thr-121 during mitosis (probable)
- deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon Ca+2 entry
- monoubiquitination of Lys-120 by RING1 & RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression & participates in X chromosome inactivation in females
- role in initiation of both imprinted & random X inactivation
- ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin
- ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of Lys-27 of histone H3
- monoubiquitination of Lys-120 by RNF2/RING2 can be induced by ultraviolet light & may be involved in DNA repair
- following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), H2A is ubiquitinated through Lys-63 linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N & the E3 ligases RNF8 & RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage
- monoubiquitination & ionizing radiation-induced Lys-63 linked ubiquitination are distinct events
- phosphorylation on Ser-2 is enhanced during mitosis
- phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription
- acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/ MSK1
- symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex
- may play a role in the germ-cell lineage (putative)
Structure
belongs to the histone H2A family
Compartment
More general terms
References
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0S8.html
- ↑ Boyne MT et al Precise characterization of human histones in the H2A gene family by top down mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2006 Feb;5(2):248-53. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16457589
Database
- UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0S8.html
- Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8329
- Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8330
- Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8332
- Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8336
- Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=8969
- Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8329
- Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8330
- Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8332
- Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8336
- Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8969
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/602787
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/602788
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/602793
- OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/602796