bioflavonoid; flavonoid
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Introduction
Antioxidants found in vegetables (especially onions & kale), fruits, black & green tea, red wine, cocoa, beer & malt. (includes flavonols)
Flavanols include:
- isorhamnetin: pears, olive oil, wine, tomato sauce
- kaempferol: kale, beans, tea, spinach, broccoli
- quercetin: tomatoes, kale, apples, tea
- myricetin: tea, wine, kale, oranges, tomatoes
- catechin: apples, berries, black grapes, pears, green tea
- epicatechin: apples, blackberries, cherries, pears, green tea, red wine
Flavonoids include:
- anthocyanins found in blueberries, blackberries, & cherries
- flavones found in some spices & yellow or orange fruits & vegetables
Indications
- total flavonol intake is associated with slower decline in global cognition[9]
- slower declines in episodic memory, semantic memory, & working memory
- flavonols may reduce risk of Alzheimer's disease[3]
- 600 mg (0.02 ounces) of flavonoids per day with 20% lower risk of cognitive decline than 150 mg (0.005 ounces) per day[5]
- anthocyanins & flavones seem to have most protective effect in protection against cognitive decline[6]
- diet higher in flavonoid-rich foods linked to lower mortality risk in persons with Parkinson's disease[8]
- dietary flavonoids may attenuate aortic artery calcification[10]
Mechanism of action
- antioxidant
- platelet inhibition
- a high flavanol diet (cocoa as source of flavanol*) ameliorates age-related cognitive decline via enhancing dentate gyrus function (assesed by fMRI)[2]
- flavanol intake leads to faster & greater brain oxygenation responses to hypercapnia, & higher performance butonly when cognitive demand is high[4]
- beneficial effects of cocoa flavanols on endothelial function are linked to vasodilation via increases in bioavailability of nitric oxide[4]
- long term benefits of flavanols may be also driven by gut-derived metabolites[4]
* processing of cocoa greatly reduces flavanol content[7]
More general terms
More specific terms
- catchetin; catergen
- diosmin
- epicatechin
- hesperidin
- isorhamnetin; 3-methylquercetin; isorhamnetol; 3'-methoxyquercetin
- kaempferol; robigenin; rhamnolutein; populnetin; trifolitin
- myricetin; cannabiscetin
- proanthocyanidin
- rutin; rutoside; quercetin-3-rutinoside; sophorin
- troxerutin; posorutin; vitamin P4; vastribil
Additional terms
Component of
- bioflavonoid/quercetin
- bilberry/bioflavonoid/quercetin/rutin
- ascorbate/bioflavonoid/grape seed extract
- ascorbate/bioflavonoid/choline bitartrate/cobalamin/inositol/nicotinamide/pantothenate/pyridoxine/riboflavin/thiamine
- ascorbate/bioflavonoid
References
- ↑ Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Brickman AM et al Enhancing dentate gyrus function with dietary flavonols improves cognition in older adults. Nature Neuroscience. Published Online October 25, 2014 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25344629
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 George J More Flavonol, Less Alzheimer's - Prospective study points to phyotochemicals as possible neuroprotective agents. MedPage Today Jan 29, 2020 https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/alzheimersdisease/84603
Holland T, Agarwal P, Wang Y et al Dietary flavonols and risk of Alzheimer dementia, Neurology 2020, Jan 29. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31996451
McNamara D First Evidence Dietary Flavonols Linked to Lower Alzheimer Risk. Medscape - Jan 30, 2020. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/9245 - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Gratton G, Weaver SR, Burley CV et al Dietary flavanols improve cerebral cortical oxygenation and cognition in healthy adults. Sci Rep 10, 19409 (2020) PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33235219 Free article https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-76160-9
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Yeh TS, Yuan C, Ascherio A et al Long-term Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Subjective Cognitive Decline in US Men and Women. Neurology. 2021 Jul 28;10.1212/WNL.0000000000012454. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34321362
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Brooks M Flavonoids Dietary 'Powerhouses' for Cognitive Decline Prevention. Medscape. August 9, 2021 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/956242
Yeh TS, Yuan C, Ascherio A et al Long-term Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Subjective Cognitive Decline in US Men and Women. Neurology. September 07, 2021; 97 (10) PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34321362 PMCID: PMC8448553 (available on 2022-09-07) https://n.neurology.org/content/97/10/e1041 - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Ali YS Fast Five Quiz: Chocolate and Health Facts vs Fiction. Medscape. October 11, 2021 https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/903045_2
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 George J More Flavonoids, Better Parkinson's Outcome. MedPage Today January 26, 2022 https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/parkinsonsdisease/96878
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 George J Flavonols Linked to Slower Cognitive Decline. Memory scores better in older adults who ate more flavonol-rich fruits and vegetables. MedPage Today November 23, 2022 https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/dementia/101921
Holland TM, Agarwal P, Wang Y et al Association of Dietary Intake of Flavonols With Changes in Global Cognition and Several Cognitive Abilities. Neurology. November 22, 2022 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36414424 https://n.neurology.org/content/early/2022/11/22/WNL.0000000000201541 - ↑ 10.0 10.1 Parmenter BH, Bondonno CP, Murray K et al Higher Habitual Dietary Flavonoid Intake Associates With Less Extensive Abdominal Aortic Calcification in a Cohort of Older Women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2022 Dec;42(12):1482-1494 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36325901 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/ATVBAHA.122.318408