cytochrome P450 2C19 (cytochrome P450 2C17, cytochrome P450 11A, mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase, cytochrome P450 254C, CYP2C19)
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Function
- responsible for the metabolism of a number of drugs (see substrates)
- R isoform of warfarin is a substrate of cyt P450 2C19
- inducers
- inhibitors
- chloramphenicol
- cimetidine
- citalopram
- delavirdine
- efavirenz
- esomeprazole
- ethinyl estradiol
- etravirine
- felbamate
- fluconazole
- fluoxetine
- fluvoxamine
- indomethacin
- isoniazid
- ketoconazole
- lansoprazole
- letrozole
- moclobemide
- modafinil
- nicardipine
- omeprazole
- oxcarbazepine
- pantoprazole
- Piper methysticum (Kava-kava)
- rabeprazole
- sertraline
- telmisartan
- ticlopidine
- topiramate
- vilazodone
- voriconazole
- substrates
- amitriptyline
- aprepitant
- carisoprodol
- cilostazol
- citalopram
- clomipramine
- clopidogrel
- cyclophosphamide
- desipramine
- diazepam
- escitalopram
- esomeprazole
- etravirine
- formoterol
- hexobarbital
- imipramine
- indomethacin
- lansoprazole
- lapatinib
- mephobarbital
- methadone
- moclobemide
- nelfinavir
- nilutamide
- omeprazole
- pantoprazole
- pentamidine
- phenytoin
- progesterone
- proguanil
- propranolol
- rabeprazole
- teniposide
- thioridazine
- tolbutamide
- voriconazole
- warfarin
Compartment
membrane-bound, endoplasmic reticulum
Expression
highly inducible
Polymorphism
- genetic variation in CYP2C19 is responsible for poor drug metabolism [MIM:609535]
- individuals can be characterized as either
- extensive metabolizers
- homozygous dominant & heteroyzgous genotypes
- poor metabolizers
- inherited in an autosomal recessive manner
- 2-5% of Caucasians
- 13-23% of Asian populations
- 38-79% of individuals from Polynesia & Micronesia.
- extensive metabolizers
- several-many different alleles of CYP2C19
Laboratory
More general terms
References
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P33261.html
- ↑ Prescriber's Letter 13(3): 2006 Cytochrome P450 Drug Interactions Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=220233&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- ↑ Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature committee, CYP2C19 alleles http://www.cypalleles.ki.se/cyp2c19.htm
- ↑ Prescriber's Letter 17(1): 2010 Cytochrome P450 Drug Interactions CHART: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interactions COMMENTARY: Proton Pump Inhibitor and Plavix Interaction: An Update Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=260112&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- ↑ Prescriber's Letter 18(3): 2011 CHART: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interactions Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=270307&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com