pilocarpine (Pilocar, Isopto Carpine, Salagen, Ocusert Pilo)

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Introduction

Tradename: Pilocar, Isopto Carpine. (pilocarpine HCl).

Indications

Contraindications

(oral)

pregnancy category = c

safety in lactation = ?

Dosage

  • 1 drop OU 4-6 times per day
  • 5-10 mg PO TID, titrate to effect (lowest possible dose)

Ophthalmic: gel 4% (5 g)

Ophthalmic: solution

  • 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10% (15 mL).
  • 2%, 10 mL, 15 mL
  • 1.3% Vuity for presbyopia

Tabs: 5 mg.

Therapeutic systems: Ocusert-Pilo-40:

  • releases 40 ug/hour for 1 week (8)

Storage

ophthalmic 15-25 C

Pharmacokinetics

* ophthalmic administration

  • onset of miosis a occurs within 10-30 minutes, with maximal effect within 30 minutes
    • miosis usually persists for 4-8 hours, rarely, up to 20 hours
  • reduction of intra-ocular pressure is evident within 60 minutes, peaks within 75 minutes & persists for 4-14 hours
  • spasms of accommodation commence in about 15 minutes & persist for 2-3 hours

Adverse effects

Drug interactions

Mechanism of action

More general terms

Component of

References

  1. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
  2. Jump up to: 2.0 2.1 Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs, Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al eds, 1998
  3. Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
  4. Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Pilocarpine Eye Drops BP 2.0% w/v https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/3399/smpc

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