causes of splenomegaly

Etiology

• infections
  • infectious mononucleosis
  • bacterial septicemia
  • bacterial endocarditis
  • tuberculosis
  • malaria
  • leishmaniasis
  • trypanosomiasis
  • acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
  • viral hepatitis
  • congenital syphilis
  • splenic abscess
  • disseminated histoplasmosis
• immunologic diseases
  • rheumatoid arthritis (Felty's syndrome)
  • systemic lupus erythematosus
  • immune hemolytic anemia
  • angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy
  • drug reactions with serum sickness
  • immune thrombocytopenia
  • immune neutropenia
• disordered splenic blood flow
  • hepatic cirrhosis
    • Laennec's cirrhosis
    • postnecrotic necrosis
  • hepatic vein obstruction
  • hepatic schistosomiasis
  • portal vein obstruction
  • cavernous sinus transformation
  • splenic vein obstruction
  • chronic congestive heart failure
  • splenic artery aneurysm
• diseases associated with abnormal erythrocytes
  • spherocytosis
  • sickle cell disease
  • ovalocytosis
  • thalassemia
• infiltrative diseases of the spleen
  • benign disorders
    • amyloidosis
    • Gaucher's disease
    • Niemann-Pick disease
    • Hurler's syndrome
    • Tangier disease
    • multifocal Langerhan's cell (eosinophilic) granulomatosis
    • extramedullary hematopoiesis
    • hamartomas
    • fibromas
    • hemangiomas
    • lymphangiomas
    • splenic cysts
  • malignancies
    • leukemia
    • non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Hodgkin's disease
    • primary splenic tumors
    • angiosarcoma
    • metastatic tumor
    • myeloproliferative disorders
• miscellaneous diseases or diseases of unknown cause
  • idiopathic splenomegaly
  • thyrotoxicosis
  • iron-deficiency anemia
  • sarcoidosis
  • berylliosis
  • Kikuchi's hystiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis

Additional terms

• splenomegaly