antibacterial agent
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Introduction
Often the default use of more general term antibiotic.
Classification
Antibiotic or antibacterial agent groups include:
- aminoglycosides
- antibacterial glycopeptides
- beta-lactam antibiotics
- carbepenam
- chloramphenicol group
- lincosamides
- macrolides
- pleuromutilins
- quinolones
- rifamycins
- sulfonamide
- tetracyclines
other antibiotics
Benefit/risk
- acute sinusitis
- number needed to treat (NNT) with antibiotics for faster resolution = 15-18[3]
- number needed to harm = 8 for medication adverse effects (diarrhea, vomiting, skin rash)[3]
- acute otitis media
- number needed to treat (NNT)
- 20 to reduce pain at 2-7 days[11]
- 33 to reduce 1 tympanic membrane rupture
- 11 to prevent contralateral acute otitis media
- number needed to harm
- 14 to precipitate 1 case of diarrhea[11]
- number needed to treat (NNT)
- acute bronchitis
- antibiotics of no benefit overall[4]
- mammal bites
- antibiotics of no benefit[4]
- antibiotics may be useful to reduce risk of wound infection[6]
- COPD exacerbation with increased cough & sputum purulence
- number need to treat (NNT) = 8 to save 1 life[7]
- number needed to harm = 20 for diarrhea[7]
- ventriculostomy
- antibiotic-impregnated catheters reduce risk of infection (NNT= 11) more effectively than systemic antibiotics (NNT=20)[9]
- trauma
- no benefit for uncomplicated hand laceration[8]
- open fracture (NNT=16)[10]
* also see antibacterial topical
More general terms
More specific terms
- 4-nitroimidazole; 5-nitroimidazole
- aminoglycoside antibiotic
- anti-mycobacterial agent
- antibacterial glycopeptide
- antibacterial topical
- beta-lactam antibiotic
- carbapenem (thienamycin)
- chloramphenicol; levomycetin; chloranfenicol; kloramfenikol (Chloromycetin, Chloroptic)
- florfenicol
- glycylcycline
- iodophor
- lactic acid (Lac-Hydrin)
- lolamicin
- macrolide (macrolide antibiotic)
- nitrofurazone (Furacin)
- obiltoxaximab (Anthim)
- ophthalmic antibacterial agent
- ormetoprim
- oxazolidinone antibiotic
- phosphonic acid; phosphorous acid (H3PO3, H2O3P+)
- pleuromutilin; drosopholin B; pleuromulinum; pleuromulina; pleuromuline
- quinolone antibiotic
- secnidazole (Solosec)
- sulfamethoxazole [SMX] (Gantanol, Aposulfatrim, Bactoreduct)
- sulfonamide
- tetracycline (Achromycin, Sumycin, Bristacycline)
- triclocarban
- tyloxapol (Enuclene)
- zoliflodacin (ETX0914)
Additional terms
- antibacterial
- antibiotic prescribing practices; antibiotic overuse; outpatient parenteral antibiotics
- antibiotic resistance
- antibiotics & risk of breast cancer
- empiric antibiotic therapy
Component of
References
- ↑ Stedman's Medical Dictionary 26th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1995
- ↑ Prescriber's Letter 14(11): 2007 Pediatiric Oral Antibiotic and Antifungal Suspensions and Liquids Detail-Document#: http://prescribersletter.com/(5bhgn1a4ni4cyp2tvybwfh55)/pl/ArticleDD.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=PRL&pt=3&fpt=25&dd=231107&pb=PRL (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 The NNT: Antibiotics for Clinically Diagnosed Acute Sinusitis in Adults http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-clinically-diagnosed-acute-sinusitis/
Lemiengre MB, van Driel ML, Merenstein D, Young J, De Sutter AI. Antibiotics for clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Oct 17;10:CD006089 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23076918
The NNT: Antibiotics for Radiologically-Diagnosed Acute Maxillary Sinusitis. http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-radiologically-diagnosed-sinusitis/
Ahovuo-Saloranta A, Borisenko OV, Kovanen N Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Apr 16;(2):CD000243. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18425861 - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 The NNT: Antibiotics for the Treatment of Acute Bronchitis in Adults. http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-acute-bronchitis/
Smith SM, Fahey T, Smucny J, Becker LA. Antibiotics for acute bronchitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, 3:CD000245 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24585130 - ↑ The NNT: Antibiotics for Prophylaxis of Animal Bites. http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-animal-bites/
Medeiros I, Saconato H. Antibiotic prophylaxis for mammalian bites. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(2):CD001738. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11406003 - ↑ 6.0 6.1 Henton J, Jain A. Cochrane corner: antibiotic prophylaxis for mammalian bites (intervention review). J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2012 Oct;37(8):804-6. Review. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23042781
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Physician's First Watch, Aug 5, 2014 Question of the Week. Knowledge+ David G. Fairchild, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief Massachusetts Medical Society http://www.jwatch.org
The NNT: Antibiotics for Acute COPD Exacerbations http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-copd-exacerbation/
Ram FS et al. Antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006 Apr 21 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16625602
Ram FS et al WITHDRAWN: Antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jan 19;(1):CD004403. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2124966 - ↑ 8.0 8.1 The NNT: Antibiotics for Hand Lacerations. http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-hand-lacerations/
Zehtabchi S Evidence-based emergency medicine/critically appraised topic. The role of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of infection in patients with simple hand lacerations. Ann Emerg Med. 2007 May;49(5):682-9, 689.e1 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17452265 - ↑ 9.0 9.1 The NNT: Antibiotics for Infection Prevention With Intracranial Ventricular Shunt Placement. http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-infection-prevention-in-ventricular-shunt-placement/
Ratilal B, Costa J, Sampaio C. Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts: a systematic review. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2008 Jan;1(1):48-56 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18352803
Ratilal B, Costa J, Sampaio C Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunt. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jul 19;(3):CD005365. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16856095 - ↑ 10.0 10.1 The NNT: Early Antibiotic Use in Open Fractures. http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-open-fractures/
Gosselin RA, Roberts I, Gillespie WJ Antibiotics for preventing infection in open limb fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(1):CD003764 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14974035 - ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 The NNT: Antibiotics for Acute Otitis Media http://www.thennt.com/nnt/antibiotics-for-otitis-media/
Venekamp RP, Sanders S, Glasziou PP, Del Mar CB, Rovers MM Antibiotics for acute otitis media in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jan 31;1:CD000219. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23440776