macrolide (macrolide antibiotic)
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Structure
- a group of macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple proprionates & cyclized into a 12-16 membered lactone
- often glycosylated
Indications
Contraindications
- use during pregnancy not associated with increased risk of birth defects[4]
- use during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of birth defects[5]
Adverse effects
Mechanism of action
- many are antibacterial agents
- many macrolides have anti-inflammatory properties[3]*
* macrolide may improve clinical outcome despite antibiotic resistance[3]
More general terms
More specific terms
- azithromycin (Zithromax, Zmax, Z-pak, AzaSite)
- clarithromycin (Biaxin)
- dirithromycin (Dynabac)
- epothilone
- erythromycin (Eryc, Eryctte, E-mycin, Ilotycin, AK-Mycin, A/T/S, T-stat)
- fidaxomicin (Dificid)
- gamithromycin (Zactran)
- ketolide
- oleandomycin (Landomycin, Tribocillina)
- solithromycin (Solitaire)
- tildipirosin (ZUPREVO)
- tilmicosin (Micotil)
- troleandomycin
- tulathromycin (Ketek, Draxxin)
- tylosin (Tylan)
References
- ↑ NLM MeSH Browser http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html
- ↑ Kunisaki KM and Niewoehner DE Antibiotic prophylaxis for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: resurrecting an old idea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008 Dec 1;178(11):1098-9 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19023036
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Ampel NM Should Macrolides Be Used for Community-Acquired Pneumonia? NEJM Journal Watch. June 16, 2015 Massachusetts Medical Society (subscription needed) http://www.jwatch.org
Cilloniz C et al. The effect of macrolide resistance on the presentation and outcome of patients hospitalized for Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015 Jun 1; 191:1265. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25807239
Niederman MS. Macrolide-resistant pneumococcus in community-acquired pneumonia: Is there still a role for macrolide therapy? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015 Jun 1; 191:1216. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26029831 - ↑ 4.0 4.1 Berard A et al Use of macrolides during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects: a population-based study. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. Oct 29, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26513406 <Internet> http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pds.3900/abstract;jsessionid=D48B754D181DE5E6CC5507D7E5D0E6FC.f03t01
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Fan H, Gilbert R, O'Callaghan F, Li L Associations between macrolide antibiotics prescribing during pregnancy and adverse child outcomes in the UK: population based cohort study. BMJ 2020;368:m331 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32075790 Free Article https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m331
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Vanoverschelde A, Oosterloo BC, Ly NF et al. Macrolide-associated ototoxicity: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study to assess the association of macrolide use with tinnitus and hearing loss. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021 Jul 27; [e-pub]. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34312676 https://academic.oup.com/jac/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jac/dkab232/6328751