potassium (K+) in serum/plasma
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Indications
- evaluation of
- monitoring during
- treatment of ketoacidosis in diabetes mellitus
- intravenous therapy for fluid replacement
- treatment with diuretics or other pharmaceutical agents that effect serum K+
- ACE inhibitors
- angiotensin receptor blockers
Reference interval
- Male & Female: 3.5 - 5.1 mmol/L
Principle
See potassium (K+) in serum & urine
Clinical significance
Increases
- see hyperkalemia
- pharmaceutical agents:
- in vivo effects
- chemical interferences
Decreases
- see hypokalemia
- pharmaceutical agents:
- in vivo effects
Specimen
No special patient preparation is required. However, the patient should avoid exercising the forearm before drawing sample because opening & closing the fist increases potassium levels by 10 to 20 percent.
For serum preparation: Collect whole blood & allow to clot according to manufacturer's instructions. Specimens are collected in a red top vacutainer by venipuncture & should be separated immediately form the cells after collection.
Plasma: Heparin may be used as an anticoagulant for plasma specimens; do not use potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride for this test.
Minimum sample size 0.5 milliliter: with an optimum size of 1.0 milliliters or larger.
More general terms
Additional terms
Component of
- chemistry 7 panel (Chem-7 SMA7)
- chemistry 8 panel (basic metabolic panel, BMP, basic chemistry panel)
- chemistry 8 panel with ionized calcium; basic metabolic panel (BMP) with ionized calcium
- chemistry 14 panel (comprehensive metabolic panel, CMP, chem 12, SMA12, SMA20)
- electrolytes in CSF
- electrolytes in serum
- intravenous salt loading test
- sodium/potassium in serum/plasma
- sodium (Na+) & potassium (K+) in serum
References
- ↑ Tietz, N. W.: Electrolytes, in Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Co., p. 617, 1987.
- ↑ Friedman R. B., Young D. S.: Effects of Disease on Clinical Laboratory Tests, Washington, D. C.; AACC Press, 1990.
- ↑ Package Inserts: Kodak Ektachem Clinical Chemistry Slide (K+) Kodak Clinical Products, Rochester, New York, 1992.
- ↑ Kodak Ektachem 700 Analyzer Operator's Manual, Kodak Clinical Products, Rochester, New York
- ↑ Kodak Ektachem Training Manual, Kodak Clinical Products, Rochester, New York, 1993.
- ↑ Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed) Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 601.
- ↑ Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods, 19th edition, J.B. Henry (ed), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA. 1996, pg 11.
- ↑ Potassium, Serum or Plasma Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: http://www.aruplab.com/guides/ug/tests/0020002.jsp
- ↑ Panel of 11 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: http://www.aruplab.com/guides/ug/tests/0020144.jsp
- ↑ Panel of 9 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: http://www.aruplab.com/guides/ug/tests/0020399.jsp
- ↑ Panel of 15 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: http://www.aruplab.com/guides/ug/tests/0020408.jsp
- ↑ Panel of 5 tests Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: http://www.aruplab.com/guides/ug/tests/0020410.jsp
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Gumz ML, Rabinowitz L, Wingo CS An Integrated View of Potassium Homeostasis. N Engl J Med 2015; 373:60-72. July 2, 2015 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26132942 <Internet> http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra1313341