factors associated with poor prognosis in patients with CAD

Introduction

Poor prognostic factors include:

• history
  • age > 60 years
  • female
  • unstable angina or myocardial infarction within 1 year
  • depression, anxiety or stress
  • tobacco use
  • NYHA class II symptoms of angina or shortness of breath
• associated diseases
  • hypertension
  • diabetes mellitus
  • renal failure
• physical examination
  • jugular venous distension
  • lung crackles
  • abnormal apical impulse
  • S3 gallop
  • murmur of mitral insufficiency
  • hepatomegaly
  • edema
  • peripheral artery disease
• laboratory
  • increase in LDL cholesterol
  • increase in triglycerides
  • increase in Lp<a>
  • decrease in HDL cholesterol
  • leukocytosis
  • increase in fibrinogen
  • increase in C-reactive protein (CRP)
• electrocardiogram
• ST segment depression
• inverted T-waves
• intraventricular conduction delay
• left bundle branch block