C-reactive protein; contains: C-reactive protein(1-205) (CRP PTX1)
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Introduction
Function
- acute phase reactant
- displays several functions associated with host defense:
- promotes agglutination, bacterial capsular swelling, phagocytosis & complement fixation through Ca+2-dependent binding to phosphatidylcholine
- CRP also binds nucleic acids
- can interact with DNA & histones & may scavenge nuclear material released from damaged circulating cells
- CRP binds to polysaccharides present in bacteria, fungi, parasites & protozoal parasites
- once bound, CRP activates classical complement pathway.
- other effects of CRP:
- inhibition of nitric oxide formation
- upregulation of angiotensin receptors
Cofactor: binds 2 Ca+2 per subunit
Structure
- homopentamer
- belongs to the pentraxin family
- contains 1 pentraxin domain
- pentraxin (or pentaxin) have a discoid arrangement of 5 non-covalently bound subunits
Compartment
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=2
Expression
- found in plasma
- concentration of CRP in plasma increases greatly during acute phase response to tissue injury, infection or other inflammatory stimuli
Pathology
- CRP polymorphisms associated with both elevated serum CRP levels & risk of cardiovascular disease in the elderly (NOT all data consistent)
Notes
- The "C" stands for "C-polysaccharide of pneumococcus"
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry 3rd ed, WB Saunders, 1987 pg 334
- ↑ Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods, J.B. Henry (ed), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA. 1991, pg 224
- ↑ Journal Watch 24(3):22, 2004 Sesso HD et al, JAMA 290:2945, 2003 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14665655 Grundy SM et al, JAMA 290:3000, 2003
- ↑ Lange LA et al, Association of polymorphisms in the CRP gene with circulating C-reactive protein levels and cardiovascular events. JAMA 2006, 296:2703 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17164456
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02741.html
- ↑ Wikipedia; Note: C-reactive protein entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-reactive_protein
- ↑ SeattleSNPs http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/crp/
- ↑ Protein Spotlight; Note: No more christmas pudding? - Issue 30 of January 2003 http://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/sptlt030.shtml