complement cascade

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Classification

Classical Pathway:

Alternative Pathway:

Mannan-binding lectin pathway:

  • third early pathway of host defense also important before the appearance of antibody during the course of an infection
           Classical Pathway                Alternative Pathway
                   Ag:Ab
                    ||
                    ||                                           C3
                    /
                                                                 || <----- + ---
                 Ag:Ab-C1                          Ag            || --> C3a     |
                                                                 /             |
                    ||                             ||                           |
                    ||                             ||  <------  C3b             |
                    /                             /                           |
                                                                                |
                Ag:Ab-C14b                       Ag-C3b                         |
                                                                                |
                    ||                             ||                           |
                    ||                             || <------ Factor B          |
                    /                             /                           |
                                                                                |
              Ag:Ab-C14b2b2a                    Ag-C3bBb                        |
                                                                                |
                    ||                             ||                           |
                    ||                             || <------ Properdin         |
                    /                             /                           |
                                                                                |
             Ag:Ab-C14b2b2a3b                  Ag-C3bBbP -----------------------
                     ___                         _/
                 C5      ___                   _/      C5
               ------->      ___          /__/    <------
               <-------          /   C5b           ------>
                 C5a                                   C5a
                            C6,C7     ||
                          --------->  ||
                                      /
                                    C5b67
                            C8,C9     ||
                          --------->  ||
                                      /
                                   C5b6789
                           (Membrane Attack Complex)

* also see figure A & figure B which shows regulatory interactions

Pathology

Comparative biology

More general terms

Additional terms

References

  1. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods, 21st edition, McPherson RA & Pincus MR (es), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA. 2007
  2. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2009
  3. Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 Vasek MJ, Garber C, Dorsey D et al A complement-microglial axis drives synapse loss during virus- induced memory impairment. Nature. 2016 Jun 22;534(7608):538-43. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27337340

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