synaptosomal-associated protein 25; SNAP-25; synaptosomal-associated 25 kD protein; super protein; SUP (SNAP25 SNAP)
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Introduction
The SNAP acronym (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein) is coincidently similar to SNAP-25.
Function
- t-SNARE involved in the molecular regulation of neurotransmitter release
- role in synaptic function of specific neuronal systems (putative)
- associates with proteins involved in vesicle docking & membrane fusion
- expressed in axonal growth cones during late stages of axonal elongation & participates in axonal growth & plasticity
- transported via fast axonal transport [2a] & may participate in synaptic vesicle exocytosis[2]
- part of the SNARE core complex containing SNAP25, VAMP2 & STX1A
- interacts with TRIM9, RIMS1, SNAP25BP & HGS
- binds STXBP6
- found in a complex containing SYT1, SV2B & syntaxin-1 (putative)
Structure
- palmitoylated
- Cys-85 appears to be the main site, & palmitoylation is required for membrane association
- belongs to the SNAP-25 family
- contains 2 t-SNARE coiled-coil homology domains
Compartment
- membrane. lipid-anchor, cell junction,
- synapse, synaptosome
- membrane association requires palmitoylation
Alternative splicing
named isoforms=2
- isoforms generated by alternative splicing are differentially expressed during development
- SNAP-25a is expressed early in development, whereas SNAP-25b expression begins with synaptogenesis & becomes the predominant isoform is adult brain
- SNAP- 25a may be involved in axonal elongation & SNAP-25b synaptic vesicle exocytosis[2]
- isoforms differ by the use of 2 alternative homologous exons (5a & 5b) which encode for positions 56 to 94 & differ only in 9 positions out of 39
Expression
- neurons of the neocortex, hippocampus, piriform cortex, anterior thalamic nuclei, pontine nuclei, & granule cells of the cerebellum
Notes
When cloned & expressed in Eschericia coli, where protein palmitoylation does not occur, Cys-85, Cys-88, Cys-90 and cys-92 in the protein sequence readily form an iron-sulfur cluster instead
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
Component of
References
- ↑ Sollner T, Whiteheart SW, Brunner M et al SNAP receptors implicated in vesicle targeting and fusion. Nature. 1993 Mar 25;362(6418):318-24. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8455717
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Osen-Sand A, Catsicas M, Staple JK, Jones KA, Ayala G, Knowles J, Grenningloh G, Catsicas S. Inhibition of axonal growth by SNAP-25 antisense oligonucleotides in vitro and in vivo. Nature. 1993 Jul 29;364(6436):445-8. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8332215
De Camilli P. Exocytosis goes with a SNAP. Nature. 1993 Jul 29;364(6436):387-8. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8332206 - ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P60880.html