interleukin-36 beta; FIL1 eta; interleukin-1 eta; IL-1 eta; interleukin-1 family member 8; IL-1F8; interleukin-1 homolog 2; IL-1H2 (IL36B, IL1F8, IL1H2)

Function

• stimulates production of interleukin-6 & interleukin-8 in synovial fibrobasts, articular chondrocytes & mature adipocytes
• induces expression of some of antimicrobial peptides including beta-defensin 4 & beta-defensin 103
• induces some matrix metalloproteases

Structure

belongs to the IL-1 family

Compartment

secreted (putative)

Alternative splicing

named isoforms=2

Expression

• expressed at low levels in tonsil, bone marrow, heart, placenta, lung, testis & colon
• not expressed in any hematopoietic cell lines
• not detected in adipose tissue
• expressed at higher levels in psoriatic plaques than in symptomless psoriatic skin or healthy control skin
• increased levels are not detected in inflamed joint tissue
• induced by proinflammatory cytokines IL1A, IL1B & TNF in synovial fibroblasts
• induced by IL1A & TNF in keratinocytes
• constitutive expression in articular chondrocytes

Pharmacology

• IL-36 inhibitor spesolimab is a investigational agent to treat pustular psoriasis

More general terms

• interleukin

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=27177
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:27177
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/605508
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NZH7.html