interleukin-1 alpha; IL-1 alpha; hematopoietin-1 (IL1A, IL1F1)

Function

• costimulation of T-cells & B-cells
• synergy with GM-CSF
• stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation & proliferation, & fibroblast growth factor activity
• involved in the inflammatory response
  • endogenous pyrogens
  • stimulates release of prostaglandin & collagenase from synovial cells
  • promotes PGE release, fever induction, acute-phase proteins, & activation of endothelial cells

Structure

• monomer
• similarity among the IL-1 precursors suggests that the amino ends of these proteins serve some as yet undefined function
• belongs to the IL-1 family

Compartment

• secreted
• lack of a specific hydrophobic segment in the precursor suggests that IL-1 is released by damaged cells or is secreted by a mechanism differing from that used for other secretory proteins

Expression

• expressed & secreted by activated macrophages

More general terms

• interleukin-1; lymphocyte-activating factor (IL1)

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=3552
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:3552
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/147760
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P01583.html