sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin)

Introduction

Tradename: Gantrisin.

Indications

• bacterial infections due to susceptible organisms
  • treatment of urinary tract infections
  • trachoma
  • nocardiosis
  • treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease in prepubertal children
  • chancroid
  • lymphogranuloma venereum
  • rheumatic fever
• malaria
• toxoplasmosis

Dosage

• adults: 500-1000 mg PO QID
• children:
  • 75 mg/kg stat
  • 120-150 mg/kg/day divided every 4-6 hours
  • maximum: 6 g/day
• pelvic inflammatory disease:
  • 100 mg/kg/day divided every 6 hours
  • used in combination with ceftriaxone

Tabs: 500 mg.

Syrup: 500 mg/5 mL.

Dosage adjustment in renal failure

Table

creatinine clearance	dosage
10-50 mL/min	8-12 hour dosing
< 10 mL/min	12-24 hour dosing

Antimicrobial activity

• Streptococcus
  • Streptococcus penumoniae
• Neisseria meningitidis
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Chlamydia
• Nocardia

Adverse effects

• common (> 10%)
  • fever, itching, rash, photosensitivity, dizziness, headache, anorexia, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea
• less common (1-10%)
  • granulocytopenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, Lyell's syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome
• uncommon (< 1%)
  • crystalluria, hematuria, thyroid dysfunction, interstitial nephritis, serum sickness-like reaction, jaundice, acute nephropathy

• drug adverse effects of sulfonamides
• drug adverse effects of diuretics
• drug adverse effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor(s)
• drug adverse effects of antihypertensive agents

More general terms

• sulfanilamide
• oxazole; 1,3 oxazole

Component of

• erythromycin ethyl succinate/sulfisoxazole (Eryzole, Pediazole, Sulfimycin)

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=5344
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=16621