nedocromil (Tilade, Alocril)

Introduction

Tradename: Tilade, Alocril (ophthlamic)

Indications

• prevention of bronchospasm
  • prophylaxis for allergen-induced asthma
  • prophylaxis for exercise-induced asthma
    • inhaler 15-20 minutes before exercise
• allergic conjunctivitis

Dosage

• inhaler:
  • 2 puffs QID, 1.75 mg/activation (16.2 g)
• ophthalmic:
  • 2%, pH 4.0-5.5%, osmolality 270-330 mOsm/kg

Pharmacokinetics

• no significant systemic absorption (ophthalmic)

elimination via liver

Adverse effects

• not common (1-10%)
  • coughing, pharyngitis, rhinitis, bronchitis, dyspnea, bronchospasm, nausea/vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, chest pain, fatigue, taste disturbance

Mechanism of action

• inhibits mast cell response to IgE
  • 4 to 10 times more powerful than cromolyn
• inhibits activation of macrophages
• inhibits activation of T helper cells
• decreases bronchial hyper-responsiveness
• decreased chemotaxis of eosinophils

More general terms

• quinolone
• mast cell stabilizer
• antiasthmatic agent

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=50294
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=50295
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=68731