levonorgestrel (Norplant)
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Introduction
Tradename: Norplant.
Indications
- contraceptive: 6 implants subdermal every 5 years
- emergency (post coital) contraceptive
- excessive menstrual bleeding in women who use intrauterine contraception
Dosage
Capsule: (subdermal implantation: 36 mg)
Each Norplant silastic capsule releases 80 ug/day for 6-18 months, after which 25-30 ug/day is released & maintained for a total effective duration of < 5 years.
Mirena: intrauterine device (see levonorgestrel-releasing IUD)
Adverse effects
- common (> 10%)
- prolonged menstrual flow, spotting
- less common (1-10%)
- amenorrhea, irregular menstrual cycles, scanty bleeding, pain or itching at implant site, headache, nervousness, breast discharge, myalgia, leukorrhea, vaginitis, nausea, dizziness, dermatitis, acne, change in appetite, weight gain
- uncommon (< 1%)
- infection at site of implantation
Drug interactions
- drug interaction(s) of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists with oral contraceptives
- drug interaction(s) of NSAIDs with oral contraceptive
Mechanism of action
- prevents ovulation or fertilization by altering the fallopian tubal transport of sperm or ova
- not effective once implantation has occurred or the woman is already pregnant
More general terms
More specific terms
Additional terms
Component of
- ethinyl estradiol/ferrous fumarate/levonorgestrel
- ethinyl estradiol/ferrous bisglycinate/levonorgestrel
- estradiol/ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel
- contraceptive/estradiol/ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel
- Seasonique (LoSeasonique)
- estradiol/levonorgestrel
- ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel (Jolessa, Lessina, Chateal EQ)
- post coital contraception (Plan B, morning after)
- Climara Pro
- Levlen, Levora, Nordette
- Alesse
- Tri-Levlen, Triphasil
- Seasonale
- Lybrel (ethinyl estradiol, levonorgestrel)
References
- ↑ The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- ↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Alert
- ↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
- ↑ FDA Approves Additional Use for IUD Mirena to Treat Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in IUD Users