intrauterine contraceptive or device (IUD)

^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Indications

highest efficacy for preventing pregnancy & lowest cost^[4]
self removal may be option^[5]
- facilitated by longer string length (to locate IUD)
  - > 7 cm too long
  - pros & cons of string lengths >5 cm have not yet been evaluated
  - 4-5 cm may facilitate self-removal^[5]

↑ Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Mantha S et al Assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic events in women taking progestin-only contraception: a meta-analysis. BMJ 2012;345:e4944 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22872710 <Internet> http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e4944
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Committee on Adolescent Health Care Committee Opinion No. 539: Adolescents and Long-Acting Reversible Contraception: Implants and Intrauterine Devices Obstetrics & Gynecology: October 2012, 120(4):983-988 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22996129 <Internet> http://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Citation/2012/10000/Committee_Opinion_No__539___Adolescents_and.45.aspx
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 16 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2012
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Foster DG et al. Interest in and experience with IUD self-removal. Contraception 2014 Jul; 90:54 <PubMed> PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24613370 <Internet> http://www.contraceptionjournal.org/article/S0010-7824(14)00035-3/abstract
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Morch LS, Meaidi A, Corn G et al Breast Cancer in Users of Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Systems. JAMA. 2024 Oct 16. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39412770