GTP-binding protein Rhes; Ras homolog enriched in striatum; tumor endothelial marker 2 (RASD2, TEM2)
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Function
- binds to GTP
- intrinsic GTPase activity
- signal transduction
- attenuation of G protein-coupled receptor signalling
- binds G-beta-1, G-beta-2 & G-beta-3[2]
- AGS1 & RASD2 trigger nearly identical modulation of N-type Ca+2 channels (CaV2.2) by selectively altering Gi-alpha-dependent signaling
- role in cAMP/PKA signalling pathway, proximal to the activation of heterotrimeric G-protein complex[5]
- role in dopamine D2 receptor signalling[5]
- absence of RASD2 increases expression of Golf protein[5]
- insulin secretory response to efaroxan
Structure
Compartment
membrane, lipid-anchor
Expression
- expressed in striatum
- RASD2 expression enhanced by dopaminergic input[4]
- expressed in pancreatic endocrine cells (islets of Langerhans)
Pathology
- RASD2 (Rhes) interacts with huntingtin;[3] RASD2 induces sumoylation of mutant huntingtin, which results in cytotoxicity & cell death
- specificity of RASD2 expression for striatum may confer striatal-specific pathology in Huntington's disease[3]
More general terms
References
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q96D21.html
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hill C et al The cationic region of Rhes mediates its interactions with specific Gbeta subunits Cell Physiol Biochem. 2009;23(1-3):1-8. Epub 2009 Feb 18. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19255495
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Subramaniam S et al Rhes, a Striatal Specific Protein, Mediates Mutant- Huntingtin Cytotoxicity Science. 2009 Jun 5;324(5932):1327-1330. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19498170 DOI:http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1126/science.1172871
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Harrison LM et al, Ontogeny and dopaminergic regulation in brain of Ras homolog enriched in striatum (Rhes). Brain Res. 2008 Dec 15;1245:16-25. Epub 2008 Oct 2 PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18929545
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Errico F et al The GTP-binding protein Rhes modulates dopamine signalling in striatal medium spiny neurons. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2008 Feb;37(2):335-45. Epub 2007 Oct 23. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18035555