metastasis-suppressor KiSS-1; Kisspeptin-1; contains: metastin, Kisspeptin-54, Kisspeptin-14, Kisspeptin-13, Kisspeptin-10 (KISS1)

Function

• metastasis suppressor protein in malignant melanomas & some breast cancers
• regulation of events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion (putative)
• cytoskeletal reorganization (putative)
• diminishes MMP9 expression by effecting diminished NF-kappaB binding to the promoter
• generates C-terminally amidated peptide, metastin, endogenous ligand of Kiss1R
• Kp-10 is a paracrine/endocrine regulator in fine-tuning trophoblast invasion generated by the trophoblast itself
• the receptor is also essential for normal gonadotropin-releasing hormone physiology & for puberty
• the hypothalamic KiSS1/Kiss1R system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty & in adulthood
• processed by MMP2 & MMP9

Structure

• belongs to the KISS1 family

Compartment

• secreted

Expression

• expressed in placenta > testis > pancreas, liver, small intestine, brain
• expression levels increased in both early placentas & molar pregnancies & are reduced in choriocarcinoma cells
• expressed at higher levels in first trimester trophoblasts than at term of gestation, but only expressed in the villous trophoblast

Pathology

• down-regulated during the progression of melanoma in vivo

More general terms

• anti-oncoprotein (tumor suppressor protein)
• protein precursor
• phosphoprotein
• secreted protein

Additional terms

• KiSS-1 receptor (KiSS-1R, kisspeptins receptor, metastin receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 54, hypogonadotropin-1, hOT7T175, KISS1R, AXOR12, GPR54, OT7T175)
• metatsin (kisspeptin-54, kp-54)

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=3814
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:3814
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/603286
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q15726.html