dual oxidase 2; large NOX 2; long NOX 2; NADH/NADPH thyroid oxidase p138-tox; NADPH oxidase/peroxidase DUOX2; NADPH thyroid oxidase 2; thyroid oxidase 2; p138 thyroid oxidase (DUOX2 LNOX2 THOX2)

Function

• generates hydrogen peroxide required for activity of thyroid peroxidase lactoperoxidase
• thyroid hormones synthesis
• lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa
• may have intrinsic peroxidase activity through N-terminal peroxidase-like domain
• NADPH oxidase activity is Ca+2-dependent.
• interacts with TXNDC11, TPO, CYBA

Structure

• N-glycosylated
• in the N-terminal section; belongs to the peroxidase family
• contains 3 EF-hand domains
• contains 1 FAD-binding FR-type domain
• contains 1 ferric oxidoreductase domain

Compartment

• localizes to the apical membrane of epithelial cells

Expression

• expressed in colon, small intestine, duodenum, tracheal surface epithelial cells, thyrocytes, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, prostate, salivary glands, rectum, testis
• widely expressed in fetal tissues
• induction by forskolin, thyrotropin, Th1-specific IFN gamma

Pathology

• defects in DUOX2 are a cause of congenital hypothyroidism

More general terms

• oxidoreductase
• transmembrane 7 protein
• Ca+2 binding protein
• glycoprotein

Additional terms

• cretinism (congenital hypothyroidism)

Database

• Entrez gene: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Graphics&list_uids=50506
• Kegg: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:50506
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/606759
• OMIM: https://mirror.omim.org/entry/607200
• UniProt: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NRD8.html